Table 5 Association between e-cigarette ever-use and ever/former smoking. Ever smoking was evaluated in the whole sample, while former smoking was evaluated among ever smokers

E-cigarette: ever vs never users

13.45 (9.26–19.55)

< 0.001

0.33 (0.20–0.53)

< 0.001

Gender (women vs men)

0.90 (0.76–1.06)

0.215

0.73 (0.44–1.22)

0.235

 None

1

1

 Users of e-cigarettes

1.32 (0.89–1.95)

0.162

1.05 (0.69–1.60)

0.820

 Users of tobacco cigarettes

0.93 (0.73–1.19)

0.562

1.20 (0.58–2.50)

0.617

 None

1

1

 Users of e-cigarettes

0.99 (0.72–1.37)

0.975

0.87 (0.62–1.21)

0.416

 Users of tobacco cigarettes

2.55 (1.66–3.91)

< 0.001

0.55 (0.26–1.16)

0.116

 Verona

1

1

 Vicenza

1.02 (0.99–1.05)

0.200

0.95 (0.86–1.05)

0.331

 Legnago

1.11 (1.08–1.14)

< 0.001

1.44 (1.27–1.63)

< 0.001

 Trento

0.97 (0.91–1.04)

0.423

1.29 (1.03–1.62)

0.028

 Bolzano

1.41 (1.37–1.45)

< 0.001

1.38 (1.20–1.59)

< 0.001

 1st year

1

1

 2nd year

1.12 (0.92–1.37)

0.269

2.31 (1.04–5.11)

0.039

 3rd year

1.35 (0.97–1.86)

0.072

1.47 (0.76–2.86)

0.254