| All | Men | Women | Difference | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | (Men –Women) | ||||||||
N | (%) | N | (%) | N | (%) | (% point) | p-value | ||
Educational attainment | |||||||||
Low | Junior high school | 5902 | (18.9) | 2937 | (19.4) | 2965 | (18.4) | 1.0 | 0.027 |
Middle | High school | 17,940 | (57.5) | 7868 | (52.0) | 10,072 | (62.6) | −10.6 | <  0.001 |
Junior college | 2248 | (7.2) | 368 | (2.4) | 1880 | (11.7) | −9.3 | <  0.001 | |
Other | 205 | (0.7) | 116 | (0.8) | 89 | (0.6) | 0.2 | 0.020 | |
Total | 20,393 | (65.3) | 8352 | (55.2) | 12,041 | (74.9) | −19.7 | <  0.001 | |
High | College | 4658 | (14.9) | 3617 | (23.9) | 1041 | (6.5) | 17.4 | <  0.001 |
Graduate school | 257 | (0.8) | 221 | (1.5) | 36 | (0.2) | 1.2 | <  0.001 | |
Total | 4915 | (15.7) | 3838 | (25.4) | 1077 | (6.7) | 18.7 | <  0.001 | |
Socioeconomic status | |||||||||
 Low income | 6788 | (21.7) | 3077 | (20.3) | 3711 | (23.1) | −2.7 | <  0.001 | |
Job status | |||||||||
 Stable job | 16,829 | (53.9) | 12,738 | (84.2) | 4091 | (25.4) | 58.8 | <  0.001 | |
 Unstable job | 8364 | (26.8) | 1380 | (9.1) | 6984 | (43.4) | −34.3 | <  0.001 | |
 No job | 6017 | (19.3) | 1009 | (6.7) | 5008 | (31.1) | −24.5 | <  0.001 | |
Health behavior | |||||||||
 Smoking | 9346 | (29.9) | 7307 | (48.3) | 2039 | (12.7) | 35.6 | <  0.001 | |
 Heavy drinking | 1420 | (4.5) | 1293 | (8.5) | 127 | (0.8) | 7.8 | <  0.001 | |
 Physical inactivity | 15,348 | (49.2) | 8141 | (53.8) | 7207 | (44.8) | 9.0 | <  0.001 | |
 Unhealthy diet | 7444 | (23.9) | 4597 | (30.4) | 2847 | (17.7) | 12.7 | <  0.001 | |
Self-rated health | |||||||||
 Very good | 2465 | (7.9) | 1240 | (8.2) | 1225 | (7.6) | 0.6 | 0.057 | |
 Good | 9747 | (31.2) | 4778 | (31.6) | 4969 | (30.9) | 0.7 | 0.189 | |
 Somewhat good | 13,078 | (41.9) | 6145 | (40.6) | 6933 | (43.1) | −2.5 | <  0.001 | |
 Somewhat poor | 4322 | (13.8) | 2172 | (14.4) | 2150 | (13.4) | 1.0 | 0.011 | |
 Poor | 1080 | (3.5) | 532 | (3.5) | 548 | (3.4) | 0.1 | 0.597 | |
 Very poor | 277 | (0.9) | 151 | (1.0) | 126 | (0.8) | 0.2 | 0.043 | |
Age | M | 54.7 | Â | 54.7 | Â | 54.7 | Â | 0.0 | 0.460 |
SD | (2.7) | Â | (2.7) | Â | (2.7) | Â | Â | Â | |
Household spendinga | M | 188.9 |  | 195.0 |  | 183.1 |  | 11.9 | <  0.001 |
(monthly, thousand yen) | SD | (180.3) | Â | (206.4) | Â | (151.1) | Â | Â | Â |
N | Â | 31,210 | Â | 15,127 | Â | 16,083 | Â | Â | Â |