Table 1 Comparison of individual and household level characteristics between those who reported diarrhea’ and those who presumably did not have diarrhea
Variables | Did not get diarrhea n = 1436 (77%) | Got diarrhea n = 421 (23%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Binary variables | |||
 Housing area | |||
  Rural | 390 (27.2) | 221 (52.5) | 0.001 |
  Urban | 1046 (72.8) | 200 (47.5) | |
 Marital status of the household head | |||
  Married | 1192 (83.0) | 344 (81.7) | 0.536 |
  Single | 244 (17.0) | 77 (18.3) | |
 Education level of household head | |||
   Less educated | 147 (10.2) | 103 (24.5) | 0.001 |
  High educated | 1289 (89.8) | 318 (75.5) | |
 Gender of household head | |||
  Male | 1255 (87.4) | 366 (86.9) | 0.803 |
  Female | 181 (12.6) | 55 (13.1) | |
 Career of household head | |||
  Craftsman | 510 (35.5) | 162 (38.5) | 0.266 |
  Public servant | 926 (64.5) | 259 (61.5) | |
 Monthly income of household | |||
  Low income | 740 (51.5) | 168 (39.9) | 0.001 |
  High income | 696 (48.5) | 253 (60.1) | |
 House ownership | |||
  Owned | 1323 (92.1) | 399 (94.8) | 0.066 |
  Rented | 113 (7.9) | 22 (5.2) | |
 Gender of person who had diarrhea | |||
  Male | – | 257 (61.0) | 0.963 |
  Female | – | 164 (39.0) | |
 Source of drinking water | |||
  Non improved | 462 (32.2) | 148 (35.2) | 0.252 |
  Improved | 974 (67.8) | 273 (64.8) | |
 Source of washing water | |||
  Non improved | 1405 (97.8) | 409 (97.1) | 0.407 |
   Improved | 31 (2.2) | 12 (2.9) | |
 Source of cooking water | |||
  Non improved | 758 (52.8) | 237 (56.3) | 0.204 |
  Improved | 678 (47.2) | 184 (43.7) | |
 Clean kitchen | |||
  Yes | 1244 (86.6) | 128 (30.4) | 0.001 |
  No | 192 (13.4) | 293 (69.6) | |
 Sanitary toilet | |||
  Yes | 1170 (81.5) | 14 (3.3) | 0.001 |
  No | 266 (18.5) | 407 (96.7) | |
 Kind of toilet | |||
  Latrine with flush | 960 (66.9) | 31 (7.4) | 0.001 |
  Latrine without flush | 476 (33.1) | 390 (92.6) | |
 Place of wastewater disposal | |||
  Open area around the house | 232 (16.2) | 304 (72.2) | 0.001 |
  Close sewerage system | 1204 (83.8) | 117 (27.8) | |
 Availability of soap for hands washing | |||
  Yes | 1078 (75.1) | 189 (44.9) | 0.001 |
  No | 358 (24.9) | 232 (55.1) | |
 Continuous variables | |||
  Age of household head (years) | 41.3 ± 13.3 (22–67) | 41.5 ± 14 (22–67) | 0.801 |
  Living in the area (years) | 15.9 ± 10.5 (1–44) | 15.5 ± 10.5 (1–44) | 0.432 |
  Number of rooms in house | 2.7 ± 0.9 (1–5) | 2.7 ± 0.8 (1–5) | 0.612 |
  Number of family Members | 6.2 ± 1.7 (2–12) | 6.2 ± 1.7 (2–12) | 0.529 |
  Age of getting diarrhea | – | 15.6 ± 16.5 (1–67) | – |
  Number of children less than 5 in family | 1.4 ± 0.7 (0–3) | 1.5 ± 0.6 (0–3) | 0.312 |
  Distance to healthcare center (km) | 1.6 ± 0.8 (1–4) | 1.6 ± 0.8 (1–4) | 0.916 |