Table 2 Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors stratified by socio-demographic variables, Cochabamba, Bolivia, 2015–2016

Socio-demographic variables

Current daily smoker

Current alcohol consumption

Low fruit and vegetable consumption

Low level of physical activity

 Female

3.25 (2.81–3.69)

33.89 (32.70–35.07)

76.29 (75.23–77.36)

72.78 (71.66–73.89)

 Male

21.57 (20.38–22.76)

54.72 (53.27–56.16)

77.32 (76.11–78.54)

53.97 (52.53–55.42)

 18–29

10.53 (9.65–11.42)

37.87 (36.47–39.27)

75.18 (73.93–76.43)

67.90 (66.55–69.25)

 30–44

12.22 (10.99–13.46)

50.64 (48.76–52.53)

76.32 (74.72–77.92)

58.83 (56.97–60.69)

 45–59

12.39 (10.78–13.99)

50.73 (48.30–53.17)

76.75 (74.70–78.81)

58.69 (56.29–61.09)

  ≥ 60

9.43 (8.07–10.79)

36.21 (33.98–38.44)

81.35 (79.54–83.16)

71.19 (69.09–73.29)

 Andean

11.37 (9.44–13.31)

35.39 (32.47–38.30)

80.32 (77.90–82.74)

59.98 (56.99–62.96)

 Southern cone

12.13 (9.60–14.65)

55.05 (51.20–58.90)

83.04 (80.14–85.95)

54.74 (50.89–58.59)

 Central Valley

11.80 (10.81–12.80)

54.51 (52.97–56.97)

72.14 (70.76–73.52)

66.98 (65.53–68.43)

 Tropics

15.83 (14.06–17.60)

54.56 (52.15–56.97)

76.85 (74.81–78.89)

51.52 (49.10–53.94)

 High Valley

7.48 (6.59–8.38)

59.98 (58.31–61.64)

79.94 (78.58–81.30)

72.03 (70.51–73.56)

 Indigenous

10.57 (9.84–11.29)

41.89 (40.73–43.06)

79.01 (78.05–79.97)

62.08 (60.93–63.22)

 Mestizo

11.97 (10.92–13.01)

44.32 (42.72–45.92)

72.93 (71.50–74.36)

69.69 (68.21–71.17)

 Other

11.00 (5.10–16.91)

44.95 (35.57–54.33)

62.38 (53.24–71.52)

66.97 (58.10–75.84)

 No formal schooling

6.69 (5.07–8.32)

30.51 (27.52–33.50)

83.86 (81.47–86.25)

65.97 (62.89–69.05)

 Primary school

10.28 (9.39–11.17)

41.51 (40.07–42.95)

78.76 (77.57–79.95)

61.32 (59.90–62.75)

 Secondary school

11.92 (10.91–12.92)

42.08 (40.55–43.62)

75.32 (73.98–76.66)

66.53 (65.06–68.00)

 Higher education

14.13 (12.25–16.01)

57.52 (54.85–60.18)

30.83 (28.34–33.32)

70.37 (67.90–72.83)

 Never married

11.86 (10.77–12.95)

37.82 (36.18–39.46)

76.00 (74.55–77.44)

68.74 (67.18–70.31)

 Currently married or cohabitating

10.81 (10.05–11.57)

45.84 (44.62–47.05)

76.57 (75.54–77.60)

61.85 (60.66–63.03)

 Widowed or separated

9.83 (7.88–11.78)

39.21 (36.01–42.41)

80.67 (78.08–83.25)

70.83 (67.85–73.81)

 Student

6.56 (5.38–7.73)

25.71 (23.64–27.79)

74.45 (72.38–76.52)

78.44 (76.49–80.39)

 Self-employed

17.19 (16.07–18.30)

51.89 (50.40–53.37)

77.72 (76.48–78.95)

49.00 (47.51–50.48)

 Employed

15.88 (13.87–17.90)

58.81 (56.10–61.52)

72.80 (70.35–75-25)

64.18 (61.54–66.83)

 Housewifee or homemaker

2.24 (1.69–2.78)

32.98 (31.25–34.72)

78.07 (76.54–79.60)

77.04 (75.49–78.60)

 Retired

10.64 (6.91–14.38)

39.16 (33.25–45.07)

76.04 (70.87–81.21)

87.83 (83.87–91.79)

 Unemployed

8.73 (4.87–12.60)

31.55 (25.19–37.91)

77.18 (71.43–82.92)

86.89 (82.27–91.51)

 Overall

11.06 (10.46–11.65)

42.76 (41.83–43.70)

76.73 (75.93–77.53)

64.77 (63.86–65.67)

Socio-demographic variables

Overweight

Obesity

Abdominal obesity

Raised blood pressure

 Female

35.17 (33.91–36.43)

23.97 (22.84–25.09)

64.12 (62.86–65.39)

14.32 (13.40–15.25)

 Male

36.75 (35.28–38.22)

15.83 (14.72–16.94)

40.21 (38.71–41.17)

21.22 (19.98–22.47)

 18–29

30.66 (29.25–32.06)

10.38 (9.45–11.31)

39.10 (37.61–40.59)

8.85 (7.99–9.72)

 30–44

41.50 (39.55–43.46)

28.85 (27.06–30.65)

65.67 (63.78–67.55)

16.90 (15.41–18.39)

 45–59

39.54 (37.07–42.05)

32.48 (27.06–30.65)

69.54 (67.18–71.90)

26.96 (24.69–29.24)

  ≥ 60

37.20 (34.85–39.54)

22.83 (20.79–24.87

59.72 (57.34–62.11)

30.50 (28.27–32.74)

 Andean

38.83 (35.66–42.00)

7.37 (5.67–9.07)

41.80 (38.59–45.01)

10.01 (8.05–11.96)

 Southern cone

40.91 (36.94–44.89)

16.46 (13.47–19.46)

52.63 (48.59–56.66)

26.99 (23.40–30.58)

 Central Valley

35.36 (33.81–36.90)

22.04 (20.70–23.38)

54.10 (52.48–55.71)

18.06 (16.81–19.30)

 Tropics

33.14 (30.68–35.60)

33.14 (30.68–35.60)

61.69 (59.15–64.23)

17.63 (15.64–19.63)

 High Valley

35.81 (34.12–37.50)

20.13 (18.72–21.54)

53.89 (52.13–55.65)

16.48 (15.17–17.79)

 Indigenous

35.63 (34.44–36.82)

19.80 (18.81–20.79)

53.76 (52.53–55.00)

17.17 (16.24–18.11)

 Mestizo

36.37 (34.74–38.01)

21.74 (20.34–23.15)

54.13 (52.44–55.83)

17.33 (16.05–18.62)

 Other

31.31 (22.13–40.49)

21.21 (13.11–23.90)

53.53 (43.65–63.41)

21.21 (13.11–29.30)

 No formal schooling

34.84 (31.57–38.10)

18.94 (16.26–21.63)

60.14 (56.78–63.50)

23.59 (20.68–26.50)

 Primary school

36.17 (34.70–37.64)

23.40 (22.11–24.70)

57.09 (55.58–58.61)

18.03 (16.85–19.21)

 Secondary school

34.33 (32.77–35.88)

17.23 (15.99–18.47)

47.74 (46.11–49.38)

14.32 (13.17–15.47)

 Higher education

40.03 (37.22–42.83)

21.29 (18.95–23.63)

57.06 (54.22–59.88)

19.21 (16.96–21.47)

 Never married

28.32 (26.71–29.93)

10.22 (9.14–11.31)

34.99 (33.29–36.70)

11.52 (10.38–12.67)

 Currently married cohabitating

39.48 (38.23–70.73)

24.82 (23.71–25.93)

61.95 (60.71–63.19)

18.63 (17.63–19.63)

 Widowed or separated

37.39 (34.02–40.75)

27.22 (24.13–30.31)

65.74 (62.44–69.04)

28.98 (25.83–32.13)

 Student

22.68 (20.58–24.78)

5.28 (4.16–6.39)

26.49 (24.28–28.70)

7.16 (5.87–8.45)

 Self-employed

38.65 (37.13–40.17)

22.07 (20.77–23.37)

54.25 (52.70–55.81)

20.34 (19.08–21.60)

 Employed

39.38 (36.54–42.22)

20.26 (17.92–22.59)

57.40 (54.53–60.27)

18.22 (15.98–20.47)

 Housewife or homemaker

37.33 (35.46–39.21)

27.71 (25.97–29.44)

68.00 (66.20–69.81)

15.99 (14.57–17.41)

 Retired

43.80 (37.53–50.06)

18.59 (13.68–23.50)

57.43 (51.19–63.68)

38.84 (32.68–44.99)

 Unemployed

34.25 (27.32–41.18)

19.33 (13.56–25.10)

56.35 (49.10–63.59)

19.33 (13.56–25.10)

 Overall

35.84 (34.89–36.80)

20.49 (19.68–21,29)

54.13 (53.17–55.08)

17.15 (16.44–17.87)