Table 1 Overview of the variables’ instruments and sources
Outcome | Variable name | Instrument | Time of measurement | Variable type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Program targets | Coping skills | CERQ-short | T1, T2 | Outcome | Students |
Social skills | SIG-A | T1, T2 | Outcome | Students, parents | |
Direct program outcomes | Performance anxiety | PFAI, TAI | T1, T2 | Outcome | Students, parents |
Social anxiety | RCADS, subscale social phobia | T1, T2 | Outcome | Students, parents | |
Mental health outcomes | Stress levels | CSQ-CA | T1, T2 | Outcome | Students, parents |
Internalizing and externalizing behavior | Y-OQ | T1, T2 | Outcome | Students | |
Well-being | WHO-5 | T1, T2 | Outcome | Students | |
Self-esteem | RSES | T1, T2 | Outcome | Students | |
Physiological stress response | Stress | Heart rate, heart rate variability, skin conductance | T1, T2 | Outcome & moderator | Students |
Current stress and mood | VAMS | T1, T2 | Outcome & moderator | Students | |
Demographics | Demographics | Developed for this study | T1 | Moderator | Students, parents, trainers |
Student characteristics | Social support | SSL-I | T1 | Moderator | Students |
Perfectionism | CAPS-14 | T1 | Moderator | Students | |
Stressful life events | Negative life events inventory | T2 | Moderator | Students | |
Perceived parental pressure | MIPS parental pressure subscale | T2 | Moderator | Students | |
Program characteristics | Level of experience and competence of trainers | Developed for this study | T1 | Moderator | Trainers |
Program integrity | Developed for this study | T2 | Moderator | Trainers | |
Treatment alliance | TASC | T2 | Moderator | Students | |
Parent characteristics | Positive parenting behavior | VSOG subscale positive parenting | T1 | Moderator | Parents |