From: Domestic violence and perinatal outcomes – a prospective cohort study from Nepal
Characteristics | Total | Any domestic violence | p value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | ||||||
N = 1381 | n = 1098 | n = 283 | |||||
n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
Study site (n = 1381) | |||||||
Dhulikhel Hospital | 681 | 49.3 | 529 | 48.2 | 152 | 53.7 | 0.056 |
Kathmandu Medical College | 700 | 50.7 | 569 | 51.8 | 131 | 46.3 | |
Woman’s age in years (n = 1381) | |||||||
15–19 | 77 | 5.6 | 59 | 5.4 | 18 | 6.4 | 0.029 |
20–24 | 591 | 42.8 | 451 | 41.1 | 140 | 49.5 | |
25–29 | 519 | 37.6 | 423 | 38.5 | 96 | 33.9 | |
≥ 30 | 194 | 14.0 | 165 | 15.0 | 29 | 10.2 | |
Woman’s education (n = 1379) | |||||||
None | 131 | 9.5 | 90 | 8.2 | 41 | 14.5 | < 0.001 |
Primary | 190 | 13.8 | 136 | 12.4 | 54 | 19.1 | |
Secondary | 317 | 23.0 | 242 | 22.1 | 75 | 26.6 | |
Higher | 741 | 53.7 | 629 | 57.3 | 112 | 39.7 | |
Woman’s income (1381) | |||||||
No income | 1021 | 73.9 | 811 | 73.9 | 210 | 74.2 | < 0.001 |
Income no autonomy | 84 | 6.1 | 53 | 4.8 | 31 | 11.0 | |
Income and autonomy | 276 | 20.0 | 234 | 21.3 | 42 | 14.8 | |
Family structure (n = 1332) | |||||||
Nuclear | 632 | 47.4 | 514 | 48.5 | 118 | 43.4 | 0.075 |
Extended | 700 | 52.6 | 546 | 51.5 | 154 | 56.6 | |
Geographical setting (n = 1381) | |||||||
Rural | 404 | 29.3 | 309 | 28.1 | 95 | 33.6 | 0.044 |
Urban | 977 | 70.7 | 789 | 71.9 | 188 | 66.4 | |
Caste and ethnicity (n = 1380) | |||||||
Dalita | 38 | 2.8 | 25 | 2.3 | 13 | 4.6 | 0.005 |
Disadvantaged Janajatib | 298 | 21.6 | 224 | 20.4 | 74 | 26.1 | |
Advantaged Janajatic | 306 | 22.2 | 238 | 21.7 | 68 | 24.0 | |
Upper casted | 738 | 53.5 | 610 | 55.6 | 128 | 45.2 | |
Baseline anxiety and depression (HSCL-5 scoree) | |||||||
≤ 2 | 1061 | 76.8 | 906 | 82.5 | 155 | 54.8 | < 0.001 |
> 2 | 320 | 23.2 | 192 | 17.5 | 128 | 45.2 |