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Table 4 Revised CMO configuration regarding the impact of stigma on EBF

From: A realist review of infant feeding counselling to increase exclusive breastfeeding by HIV-positive women in sub Saharan-Africa: what works for whom and in what contexts

Context

Mechanism

Outcome

Community with high levels of stigma regarding HIV and breastfeeding avoidance

Community that views EBF as an HIV-positive activity

EBF provided universally regardless of HIV status

Mother desires to avoid stigma of formula feeding

Felt stigma and demotivation to EBF

Reduction of stigma associated with EBF

Protective for EBF

Decreased EBF

Increased EBF adherence universally