From: The association between urbanization and child height: a multilevel study in China
Variable | N | Percentage (%) or x ± s |
---|---|---|
gender | ||
Male | 827 | 51.49 |
Female | 779 | 48.51 |
Age (year) | 1606 | 11.14 ± 3.71 |
Ethnicity | ||
Miao | 48 | 2.99 |
Buyi | 52 | 3.24 |
Tujia | 37 | 2.30 |
Han | 1469 | 91.47 |
Family income per capita | ||
1st Quintile | 336 | 20.92 |
2nd Quintile | 310 | 19.30 |
3rd Quintile | 320 | 19.93 |
4th Quintile | 312 | 19.43 |
5th Quintile | 328 | 20.42 |
Maternal education level | ||
low education | 573 | 35.68 |
middle education | 829 | 51.62 |
high education | 204 | 12.7 |
Maternal height | 1289 | |
Percentage of energy take from protein (%) | 1606 | 0.14 ± 0.03 |
Urbanization Index | 157.71 ± 6.10 | |
1st quintile | 314 | 19.55 |
2nd quintile | 319 | 19.86 |
3rd quintile | 318 | 19.80 |
4th quintile | 342 | 21.30 |
5th quintile | 313 | 19.49 |
Z score of height for age | 1606 | −0.19 ± 1.24 |
< −2 | 111 | 6.91 |
−2~ | 265 | 16.50 |
−1~ | 514 | 32.00 |
0~ | 479 | 29.83 |
1~ | 188 | 11.71 |
> 2 | 49 | 3.05 |