Table 4 Observed handwashing behaviors after toilet use among students at participating schools (n = 844 toilet use events in 30 schools)
Pre-intervention (n = 461 events in 30 schools) | Post-Intervention Visits | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Post-intervention overall (n = 383 events in 30 schools) | Visit 1 (0–5 weeks) (n = 198 events in n = 30 schools) | Visit 2 (6–19 weeks) (n = 105 events in n = 20 schools) | Visit 3 (20–25 weeks) (n = 80 events in n = 10 schools) | ||
Age | |||||
≤ 10 years old | 217 (47.1%) | 225 (58.7%) | 109 (55.1%) | 64 (61.0%) | 52 (65.0%) |
> 10 years old | 244 (52.9%) | 158 (41.3%) | 89 (44.9%) | 41 (39.0%) | 28 (35.0%) |
Sex | |||||
Female | 231 (50.1%) | 203 (53.0%) | 105 (53.0%) | 54 (51.4%) | 44 (55.0%) |
Male | 230 (49.9%) | 180 (47.0%) | 93 (47.0%) | 51 (48.6%) | 36 (45.0%) |
If hands were washed, indicate vigor of scrubbing | (n = 53 events) | (n = 237 events) | (n = 115 events) | (n = 69 events) | (n = 52 events) |
Vigorously | 11 (20.8%) | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Moderately | 38 (71.7%) | 221 (93.2%) | 108 (93.9%) | 63 (91.3%) | 49 (94.2%) |
Rinsed/Minimal | 4 (7.5%) | 15 (6.3%) | 6 (5.2%) | 6 (8.7%) | 3 (5.8%) |
If hands were washed, indicate duration of scrubbing | (n = 53 events) | (n = 237 events) | (n = 115 events) | (n = 69 events) | (n = 52 events) |
Less than 20 s | 53 (100.0%) | 231 (97.5%) | 109 (94.8%) | 69 (100.0%) | 52 (100.0%) |
20 s or more | 0 (0.0%) | 6 (2.5%) | 6 (5.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
If hands were washed, how were hands dried? | (n = 53 events) | (n = 237 events) | (n = 116 events) | (n = 69 events) | (n = 52 events) |
Air drying | 49 (92.5%) | 226 (95.4%) | 106 (91.4%) | 69 (100%) | 51 (98.1%) |
Cloth towel | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Own clothes | 3 (5.7%) | 7 (3.0%) | 6 (5.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.9%) |
Could not observe | 1 (1.9%) | 3 (1.3%) | 3 (2.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |