Table 1 Characteristics of older adults in SAGE participant countries, 2007–2010, by major depressive episode (MDE) during the past 12 months
Variable | Men | p-valuea | Women | p-valuea | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MDE (n = 491) | No MDE (n = 8584) | MDE (n = 790) | No MDE (n = 9816) | |||
Sociodemographic | ||||||
Age | ||||||
60–69 | 55.3 | 56.8 | 0.88 | 49.5 | 52.7 | 0.46 |
70–79 | 35.3 | 34.7 | 37.6 | 36.6 | ||
≥ 80 | 9.4 | 8.5 | 12.9 | 10.7 | ||
Living with a partner | 85.3 | 86.3 | 0.77 | 47.3 | 57.0 | < 0.01 |
Educational attainment | ||||||
None | 48.4 | 22.8 | < 0.01 | 70.9 | 48.6 | < 0.01 |
Elementary | 31.7 | 40.1 | 17.2 | 27.8 | ||
Secondary | 17.3 | 29.7 | 10.5 | 20.4 | ||
College or higher | 2.7 | 7.3 | 1.4 | 3.4 | ||
Having health insurance coverage | 19.6 | 66.7 | < 0.01 | 21.8 | 65.6 | < 0.01 |
Household wealth (terciles) | ||||||
1 (lower) | 46.6 | 31.9 | < 0.01 | 44.0 | 34.8 | 0.01 |
2 | 36.0 | 35.0 | 31.4 | 35.2 | ||
3 (higher) | 17.4 | 33.1 | 24.6 | 30.0 | ||
Zone | ||||||
Urban | 30.3 | 42.7 | < 0.01 | 33.1 | 44.8 | < 0.01 |
Rural | 69.7 | 57.3 | 66.9 | 55.2 | ||
Health-related | ||||||
Multimorbidity | ||||||
None | 37.6 | 48.3 | 0.04 | 40.5 | 41.7 | 0.16 |
One | 32.2 | 29.4 | 27.0 | 31.0 | ||
Two or more | 30.2 | 22.2 | 32.5 | 27.3 | ||
Physical disability | 77.6 | 27.1 | < 0.01 | 85.2 | 38.5 | < 0.01 |
Social networks | ||||||
Not living alone | 94.1 | 92.1 | 0.35 | 89.1 | 82.8 | < 0.01 |
Participation in non-religious social activities | 17.6 | 26.3 | < 0.01 | 8.4 | 16.6 | < 0.01 |
Having someone to trust | 86.0 | 93.3 | < 0.01 | 74.7 | 88.1 | < 0.01 |
Religious affiliation | ||||||
Affiliation | ||||||
None | 13.3 | 63.8 | < 0.01 | 14.0 | 54.6 | < 0.01 |
Buddhist | 4.6 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 4.7 | ||
Christian | 4.0 | 6.0 | 8.8 | 12.6 | ||
Hindu | 59.2 | 23.9 | 64.6 | 23.8 | ||
Muslim | 17.8 | 3.7 | 9.0 | 3.6 | ||
Other | 1.1 | 0.6 | 1.9 | 0.8 | ||