Model 1 (confounders, motives and attitudes, perceived environmental characteristics) | Model 2 (model 1 + perceived environmental – years of running experience interactions) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
St. Beta (p) | SE | St. Beta (p) | SE | |
Constanta | 0.574* | 0.253 | 1.314 | 0.744 |
Confounders | ||||
Age (ref = ≥ 46 year) | ||||
≤ 35 year | − 0.016 | 0.032 | − 0.016 | 0.032 |
36–45 year | − 0.04* | 0.029 | − 0.042* | 0.029 |
Male (female = ref) | − 0.016 | 0.025 | − 0.015 | 0.025 |
Education (higher = ref) | ||||
Lower or middle | −0.011 | 0.026 | −0.011 | 0.026 |
Years of running experience (> 5 year = ref) | ||||
< 1 year | 0.009 | 0.039 | − 0.112 | 0.294 |
1–5 year | − 0.025 | 0.026 | − 0.1 | 0.178 |
Distance monitoring y/n (ref = no) | 0.001 | 0.028 | −0.001 | 0.028 |
Watch use (ref = no) | 0.012 | 0.039 | 0.014 | 0.039 |
App use (ref = no) | 0.014 | 0.045 | 0.013 | 0.045 |
Organizational context (athletics club = ref) | ||||
Individual | 0.050* | 0.034 | 0.052* | 0.034 |
Friends, colleagues, small group | 0.011 | 0.036 | 0.013 | 0.036 |
Intrapersonal characteristics: motivations and attitudes | ||||
Bodily and mental advantages of running | 0.037* | 0.031 | 0.039* | 0.031 |
Identification with running | −0.015 | 0.027 | −0.019 | 0.027 |
Practical advantages of running | 0.043* | 0.027 | 0.043* | 0.027 |
Individual motives for quitting | −0.015 | 0.018 | −0.016 | 0.018 |
Social motives for quitting | −0.003 | 0.019 | −0.002 | 0.019 |
Perceived environmental characteristics | ||||
Hinderance by pedestrians | −0.049** | 0.021 | −0.089 | 0.158 |
Hinderance by cyclists/mopeds | −0.006 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.119 |
Hinderance by cars | −0.038* | 0.014 | 0.046 | 0.112 |
Hinderance by unleashed dogs | 0.011 | 0.012 | −0.287* | 0.097 |
Hinderance through remarks | −0.001 | 0.022 | 0.153 | 0.172 |
Hinderance through threats | −0.031 | 0.025 | −0.068 | 0.191 |
Hinderance through poor lighting | 0.037* | 0.01 | 0.126 | 0.078 |
Comfortable surface | 0.17*** | 0.013 | −0.103 | 0.101 |
Lively route | 0.33*** | 0.013 | 0.161 | 0.104 |
Green route | 0.434*** | 0.014 | 0.606*** | 0.113 |
Interactions perceived environment characteristics * years of running experience (ref = > 5 y running experience) | ||||
Pedestrians * < 1 y running experience | 0.003 | 0.064 | ||
Pedestrians * 1–5 y running experience | 0.048 | 0.044 | ||
Cyclists/mopeds * < 1 y running experience | −0.029 | 0.048 | ||
Cyclists/mopeds * 1–5 y running experience | −0.007 | 0.033 | ||
Cars * < 1 y running experience | −0.041 | 0.045 | ||
Cars * 1–5 y running experience | −0.058 | 0.031 | ||
Unleashed dogs * < 1 y running experience | 0.269* | 0.041 | ||
Unleashed dogs * 1–5 y running experience | 0.061 | 0.025 | ||
Remarks * < 1 y running experience | −0.123 | 0.067 | ||
Remarks * 1–5 y running experience | −0.047 | 0.050 | ||
Threats * < 1 y running experience | −0.009 | 0.077 | ||
Threats * 1–5 y running experience | 0.056 | 0.053 | ||
Poor lighting * < 1 y running experience | −0.053 | 0.032 | ||
Poor lighting * 1–5 y running experience | −0.05 | 0.021 | ||
Comfortable surface * < 1 y running experience | 0.177 | 0.042 | ||
Comfortable surface * 1–5 y running experience | 0.209** | 0.027 | ||
Lively route * < 1 y running experience | 0.236* | 0.042 | ||
Lively route * 1–5 y running experience | −0.034 | 0.029 | ||
Green route * < 1 y running experience | −0.173 | 0.046 | ||
Green route * 1–5 y running experience | −0.078 | 0.031 | ||
Model fit | ||||
Adjusted R2 | 0.509 | 0.509 | ||
SE | 0.5607 | 0.5605 |