Levels and predictors of participation in integrated treatment programs for pregnant and parenting women with problematic substance use

Table 5 Predictors of treatment intensity (number of visits per episode) ^a

Variable^b	Est.	S.E.	p	Incidence Rate Ratio	95% Confidence Interval		Predicted Number
Variable^b	Est.	S.E.	p	Incidence Rate Ratio	Lower	Upper	of Visits per Episode
Intercept	1.84	0.16	<.0001	.	.	.	.
Age	0.02	0.00	<.0001	1.02	1.02	1.02	Age 25 = 11.8
							Age 40 = 14.8
Education:
Less than high school	−0.16	0.03	<.0001	0.85	0.80	0.90	11.8
High school or more	(ref)	.	.	1.00	.	.	13.8
Receiving social assistance:
Yes	0.11	0.04	0.002	1.12	1.03	1.21	13.5
No	(ref)	.	.	1.00	.	.	12.1
Marital status:
Not married	0.08	0.03	0.03	1.08	1.02	1.15	13.3
Married or partnered	(ref)	.	.	1.00	.	.	12.3
Stimulant problems ^c:
Yes	0.21	0.03	<.0001	1.23	1.16	1.31	14.2
No	(ref)	.	.	1.00	.	.	11.5
Maximum frequency of substance use, past 30 days:
Binge use	0.24	0.10	0.01	1.27	1.04	1.55	15.0
3 times per week to daily	0.09	0.04	0.02	1.09	1.01	1.18	13.0
Up to 2 times per week	−0.03	0.05	0.60	0.98	0.88	1.07	11.6
No use	(ref)	.	.	1.00	.	.	11.8
Treatment mandate:
Legal system	−0.19	0.08	0.02	0.83	0.71	0.97	10.7
Child protection services	0.04	0.04	0.25	1.04	0.96	1.13	13.5
Employer or school	0.10	0.10	0.34	1.11	0.91	1.34	14.3
None	(ref)	.	.	1.00	.	.	13.0
Pregnant at admission:
Yes	0.19	0.04	<.0001	1.21	1.12	1.31	14.1
No, possibly, unknown	(ref)	.	.	1.00	.	.	11.6

^aNegative binomial regression with random effect for agency; includes one episode per client (first episode selected). N = 4724. Excludes 438 clients (8.5% of 5162) with missing values on predictor variables. AIC = 33,837.2 BIC = 33,858.2
^bCoefficients were not statistically significant for: employment status, alcohol problem, cannabis problem, opioid problem, legal system involvement, injection drug use
^cIncludes powder cocaine, crack, other amphetamines including methamphetamine

ISSN: 1471-2458