Table 1 Characteristics of the four groups: the reference group with no childhood sensorineural hearing loss (CSNHL) and the case groups with slight, mild, or moderate-severe CSNHL
No CSNHL | Slight CSNHL | Mild CSNHL | Moderate-severe CSNHL | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men (N = 15,059) | Women (N = 17,045) | Men (N = 147) | Women (N = 73) | Men (N = 33) | Women (N = 33) | Men (N = 40) | Women (N = 26) | |
Age: mean (SD) | 40.0 (10.1) | 39.5 (10.1) | 36.9 (8.5) | 36.2 (9.0) | 38.9 (9.3) | 35.5 (10.0) | 36.3 (9.1) | 37.4 (8.6) |
Education: N (%) | ||||||||
Primary school | 2978 (19.8) | 3919 (23.0) | 34 (23.1) | 19 (26.0) | 5 (15.1) | 7 (21.2) | 6 (15.0) | 5 (19.2) |
Middle school | 6655 (44.2) | 5945 (34.87) | 72 (49.0) | 25 (34.2) | 15 (45.6) | 14 (42.4) | 21 (52.5) | 12 (46.2) |
High school | 1815 (12.0) | 2813 (16.0) | 17 (11.6) | 13 (17.8) | 5 (15.1) | 10 (30.3) | 4 (10.0) | 6 (23.1) |
College/university < 4 years | 2142 (14.2) | 2821 (16.6) | 15 (10.2) | 12 (16.5) | 5 (15.1) | 0 | 6 (15.0) | 2 (7.7) |
College/university > 4 years | 1469 (9.8) | 1547 (9.1) | 9 (6.1) | 4 (5.5) | 3 (9.1) | 2 (6.1) | 3 (7.5) | 1 (3.8) |
Father’s education: N (%) | ||||||||
Primary school | 13,390 (89.0) | 15,039 (88.2) | 129 (87.8) | 68 (93.2) | 28 (84.9) | 30 (91.0) | 33 (82.5) | 24 (92.4) |
Middle school | 790 (5.2) | 930 (5.5) | 12 (8.2) | 3 (4.1) | 1 (3.0) | 1 (3.0) | 6 (15.0) | 1 (3.8) |
High school | 645 (4.3) | 782 (4.6) | 3 (2.0) | 2 (2.7) | 4 (12.1) | 1 (3.0) | 1 (2.5) | 0 |
College/university < 4 years | 215 (1.4) | 268 (1.6) | 3 (2.0) | 0 | 0 | 1 (3.0) | 0 | 0 |
College/university > 4 years | 19 (0.1) | 26 (0.2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (3.8) |
Mother’s education: N (%) | ||||||||
Primary school | 14,177 (94.2) | 16,035 (94.1) | 143 (97.3) | 71 (97.3) | 32 (97.0) | 32 (97.0) | 39 (97.5) | 25 (96.2) |
Middle school | 204 (1.4) | 244 (1.4) | 1 (0.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
High school | 637 (4.2) | 719 (4.2) | 3 (2.0) | 2 (2.7) | 1 (3.0) | 1 (3.0) | 1 (2.5) | 1 (3.8) |
College/university < 4 years | 21 (0.1) | 26 (0.2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
College/university > 4 years | 20 (0.1) | 21 (0.1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SCL-10, range 10–40: mean (SD) | 12.08 (3.2) | 12.95 (3.8) | 12.17 (3.4) | 13.88 (4.4) | 12.25 (2.6) | 13.71 (5.4) | 12.62 (3.4) | 13.00 (3.1) |
SWB, range 3–15: mean (SD) | 11.50 (2.1) | 11.56 (2.2) | 11.47 (2.1) | 11.05 (2.4) | 11.82 (1.9) | 11.47 (2.3) | 12.00 (1.9) | 11.79 (2.1) |
SE, range 4–16: mean (SD) | 7.03 (1.9) | 7.66 (1.9) | 7.02 (2.0) | 7.97 (1.8) | 7.29 (2.5) | 8.13 (2.4) | 6.73 (1.6) | 7.52 (1.7) |