Table 3 Factors associated with human trafficking among migrants returned/deported via the three major human trafficking corridors, Ethiopia, 2016
From: Human trafficking among Ethiopian returnees: its magnitude and risk factors
Characteristics | Trafficked (n = 1299) | COR(95% CI) | AOR(95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Age (during departure) a | ||||
18–20 | 190 | 61 | 7.70 (4.75–12.48) | 4.65 (2.39–9.05) |
21–24 | 293 | 184 | 3.94 (2.56–6.04) | 2.99 (1.66–5.38) |
25–29 | 121 | 325 | 0.92 (0.59–1.43) | 0.59 (0.33–1.06) |
30–50 | 36 | 89 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Sex | ||||
Male | 357 | 438 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Female | 283 | 221 | 1.57 (1.25–1.97) | 1.55 (1.10–2.17) |
Marital Status | ||||
Married | 124 | 254 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Never married | 96 | 391 | 2.60 (2.02–3.34) | 1.49 (1.02–2.18) |
Divorced/Widowed | 20 | 14 | 2.93 (1.43–5.99) | 2.04 (0.69–6.06) |
Educational level | ||||
Illiterate | 60 | 89 | 1.89(1.09 3.30) | 3.01 (1.35–6.70) |
Primary school | 213 | 189 | 3.16 (1.94–5.16) | 2.64 (1.33–5.21) |
Junior School | 187 | 158 | 3.32 (2.03–5.45) | 2.61 (1.34–5.52) |
High school | 154 | 150 | 2.88 (1.75–4.76) | 3.05 (1.53–6.07) |
Preparatory and above | 26 | 73 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Residence before departure | ||||
Rural | 434 | 334 | 2.05 (1.64–2.57) | 1.49 (1.03–2.16) |
Urban | 206 | 325 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Smuggled | ||||
No | 121 | 323 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Yes | 519 | 336 | 4.12 (3.21–5.29) | 4.48 (3.19–6.29) |
Exit corridor | ||||
Metemma Yohannes | 355 | 427 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Moyale | 90 | 88 | 1.23 (0.89–1.70) | 1.38 (0.85–2.24) |
Galafi | 174 | 71 | 2.95 (2.16–4.02) | 4.88 (3.07–7.76) |
Others b | 21 | 73 | 0.35 (0.21–0.57) | 0.46 (0.24–0.88) |
Household wealth quintile | ||||
Lowest | 140 | 127 | 2.22 (1.56–3.15) | 2.55 (1.46–4.44) |
Second | 144 | 101 | 2.87 (2.00–4.11) | 1.85 (1.05–3.26) |
Middle | 153 | 123 | 2.50 (1.77–3.55) | 2.47 (1.45–4.20) |
Fourth | 115 | 131 | 1.77 (1.23–2.53) | 1.65 (0.97–2.80) |
Highest | 88 | 177 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Exposure to seductive information about oversea life | ||||
Low | 183 | 271 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Medium | 275 | 159 | 2.57 (1.95–3.36) | 2.32 (1.55–3.48) |
High | 182 | 229 | 1.18 (0.90–1.54) | 0.94 (0.61–1.45) |
Desire for successful oversea life | ||||
Weak | 176 | 263 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Moderate | 201 | 242 | 1.24 (0.95–1.62) | 1.73 (1.16–2.57) |
Strong | 263 | 154 | 2.55 (1.94–3.36) | 3.98 (2.63–6.02) |
Risk-opportunity imbalance | ||||
Low | 156 | 289 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Medium | 203 | 226 | 1.66 (1.27–2.18) | 1.83 (1.21–2.77) |
High | 281 | 144 | 3.62 (2.73–4.78) | 6.10 (4.01–9.30) |
Feeling hopelessness at success in home-country | ||||
Weak | 148 | 294 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Moderate | 179 | 249 | 1.43 (1.08–1.88) | 1.52 (1.02–2.27) |
Strong | 313 | 116 | 5.36 (4.01–7.17) | 8.64 (5.62–13.30) |