Table 2 Diagnostic criteria for FASD using the 2005 Canadian Diagnostic Guidelines [3]

FAS

Evidence of prenatal growth impairment, as in at least 1 of:

- Birth weight/length ≤ 10th percentile for GA

- Height/weight ≤ 10th percentile for age

- Disproportionately low weight-height ratio (= 10th percentile)

Simultaneous presentation of all 3 sentinel facial features

- Short palpebral fissure length (≤ 2 SD below mean)

- Smooth or flattened philtrum (rank 4 or 5)^a

- Thin upper lip (rank 4 or 5)^a

Evidence of impairment in ≥3 CNS domains:

Confirmed or unconfirmed PAE

pFAS

–

Simultaneous presentation of 2 sentinel facial features (as above)

Impairment in ≥3 CNS domains

Confirmed PAE

ARND

–

–

Impairment in ≥3 CNS domains

Confirmed PAE