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Table 1 Baseline participant characteristics by cohort and p-values for study differences

From: Regional differences of macrovascular disease in Northeast and South Germany: the population-based SHIP-TREND and KORA-F4 studies

 

SHIP-TREND

KORA-F4

p-value

N

2539

2932

 

Age (years)

53.9 (12.9)

55.7 (12.8)

< 0.001

Female sex (%)

52.8

51.6

0.373

Middle/low education (%)

73.5

76.3

0.021

Age at diagnosis of diabetes (years)a

55.2 (10.5)

59.1 (10.1)

< 0.001

Body mass index (kg/m2)

28.6 (5.3)

27.6 (4.8)

< 0.001

No physical activity (%)

48.6

45.0

0.009

Current smoking (%)

19.6

16.6

0.064

Ex-smoking (%)

21.4

26.5

0.001

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

127.7 (18.2)

122.2 (18.6)

< 0.001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

77.3 (10.0)

75.2 (10.0)

< 0.001

Hypertension in general population (%)

52.9

50.8

0.125

 Self-reported high blood pressure (ever) (%)

48.9

48.6

0.823

 Antihypertensive medication (%)

38.4

29.8

< 0.001

Hypertension in known diabetes (%)a

88.9

88.2

0.782

 Self-reported high blood pressure (ever) (%)

80.0

84.8

0.141

 Antihypertensive medication (%)

79.2

75.1

0.237

Hyperlipidemia in general population (%)

27.6

30.5

0.020

 Self-reported high lipid levels (last 12 months) (%)

24.5

28.2

0.002

 Lipid-lowering medication (%)

14.2

12.3

0.042

Hyperlipidemia in known diabetes (%)a

59.6

59.5

0.988

 Self-reported high lipid levels (last 12 months) (%)

46.0

48.6

0.539

 Lipid-lowering medication (%)

41.8

39.2

0.529

Macrovascular disease in general population (%)

12.0

8.8

< 0.001

 Myocardial infarction (%)

2.9

2.9

0.976

 Stroke (%)

1.5

1.0

0.052

 Coronary angiography (%)b

8.6

5.2

< 0.001

Macrovascular disease in known diabetes (%)a

32.8

24.9

0.040

 Myocardial infarction (%)

9.4

11.0

0.544

 Stroke (%)

4.7

2.5

0.172

 Coronary angiography (%)b

22.2

12.3

0.002

Fasting glucose (mmol/l)c

5.5 (0.8)

5.3 (0.6)

< 0.001

2-h glucose (mmol/l)c

6.6 (2.4)

6.2 (2.0)

< 0.001

HbA1c (%)

5.46 (0.89)

5.55 (0.61)

< 0.001

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

36.1 (9.7)

37.1 (6.7)

< 0.001

HOMA-IRd

2.5 (1.6–3.8)

2.0 (1.4–3.0)

< 0.001

Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

5.5 (1.1)

5.6 (1.0)

0.009

HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)

1.4 (0.4)

1.4 (0.4)

0.167

LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)

3.4 (0.9)

3.5 (0.9)

< 0.001

Triglycerides (mmol/l)

1.3 (0.9–1.9)

1.2 (0.8–1.7)

< 0.001

hsCRP (mg/l)e

1.2 (0.7–2.6)

1.1 (0.6–2.4)

< 0.001

eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)

86.9 (20.1)

88.3 (16.5)

0.005

  1. Results are means (± SD), percentages or medians (IQR)
  2. aSHIP-TREND: N = 344, KORA-F4: N = 237
  3. bParticipants with previous myocardial infarction were excluded
  4. cParticipants without known diabetes, SHIP-TREND: N = 2178, KORA-F4: N = 2695
  5. dParticipants without known diabetes, SHIP-TREND: N = 1953, KORA-F4: N = 2665
  6. ehigh-sensitivity C - reactive protein. Participants with hsCRP > 10 mg/l were excluded, SHIP-TREND: N = 175, KORA-F4: N = 112
  7. Significant regional differences (p < 0.05) are highlighted in bold
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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