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Table 4 Factors for ‘twice’ participation in group-based physical activity programmes

From: Participation in group-based physical activity programmes for adults in Germany and associated factors: data from a nationwide cohort study

  Model 1 Odds ratio (95% CI) Model 2 Odds ratio (95% CI) Model 3 Odds ratio (95% CI) Model 4 Odds ratio (95% CI)
Demographic characteristics
 Sex t0
  Women 3.00** (1.45–6.21) 2.88** (1.35–6.13) 3.05** (1.42–6.57) 5.19** (1.69–15.96)
  Men Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
 Age t0
  17–29 years 0.91 (0.16–5.12) 0.92 (0.16–5.22) 1.04 (0.19–5.79) 1.18 (0.20–7.13)
  30–44 years Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
  45–64 years 2.59* (1.03–6.51) 2.36 (0.94–5.89) 2.29 (0.88–5.92) 2.61 (0.87–7.84)
  65–79 years 2.57 (0.18–37.22) 1.59 (0.11–22.68) 1.47 (0.10–20.98) –
 Age t1
  30–44 years Ref. Ref. Ref Ref
  45–64 years 1.38 (0.31–6.12) 1.43 (0.31–6.52) 1.58 (0.35–7.14) 1.69 (0.35–8.12)
  65–79 years 1.06 (0.17–6.50) 1.33 (0.22–7.94) 1.57 (0.26–9.60) –
Socioeconomic characteristics
 Educational level t0
  Low Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
  Middle 1.21 (0.50–2.93) 1.37 (0.54–3.44) 1.46 (0.61–3.54) 2.75 (0.72–10.61)
  High 2.50 (0.95–6.61) 2.56 (0.90–7.31) 2.87* (1.02–8.13) 4.17 (0.91–19.16)
 Income t0
  Below 60% Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
  60–150% 0.73 (0.28–1.90) 0.54 (0.22–1.35) 0.56 (0.22–1.38) 0.28 (0.08–1.00)
  Above 150% 0.82 (0.26–2.59) 0.68 (0.21–2.18) 0.65 (0.20–2.08) 0.39 (0.08–1.97)
 Income t1
  Below 60% Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
  60–150% 0.72 (0.26–1.99) 0.80 (0.28–2.30) 0.69 (0.24–1.98) 0.69 (0.17–2.74)
  Above 150% 0.79 (0.26–2.41) 0.89 (0.29–2.77) 0.79 (0.24–2.60) 1.3 (0.30–5.73)
Sports behaviour
 Sports activity aggregated (in the last 3 months) t0
  No sports   Ref. Ref. Ref.
  Sports activity per week – 1.50 (0.67–3.35) 1.44 (0.64–3.25) 1.73 (0.48–6.23)
 Sports activity aggregated (in the last 3 months) t1
  No sports   Ref. Ref Ref.
  Sports activity per week   3.71** (1.50–9.17) 3.86** (1.51–9.82) 4.51* (1.34–15.24)
Health status
 Subjective health status t0
  Good/very good    Ref. Ref.
  Fair/poor/very poor    0.78 (0.40–1.52) 0.54 (0.19–1.56)
 Subjective health status t1     
  Good/very good    Ref. Ref.
  Fair/poor/very poor    1.21 (0.61–2.41) 1.71 (0.56–5.23)
Enabling factor
 Physician physical activity counselling t0
  No     Ref.
  Yes     1.36 (0.49–3.77)
 Physician physical activity counselling t1
  No     Ref.
  Yes     3.15 (0.98–10.09)
  Nagelkerke 0.137 0.196 0.202 0.288
  1. Results from logistic regression analyses for ‘twice’ participation in group-based physical activity programmes (reference group ‘once at t0’ participated in group-based physical activity programmes). CI, confidence interval. Ref., reference group. Significant associations are shown in bold and as *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. Model 1 included sex, age, education and income at t0 and age and income at t1 (sex and education were assumed to be constant for persons over 30 years); Model 2 included Model 1 variables plus sports activity at t0 and t1; Model 3 included Model 2 variables plus subjective health status at t0 and t1; Model 4 included Model 3 variables plus physician physical activity counselling at t0 and t1
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