Table 4 Percentage compliance for hand-hygiene in newborn care units by type, level and load of facility
From: Hand hygiene in hospitals: an observational study in hospitals from two southern states of India
TOTAL COMPLIANCE % [95%CI] | Type | Level | Load1 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Private % [95%CI] | Public % [95% CI] | P value | Secondary % [95% CI] | Tertiary % [95% CI] | P value | Low load % [95% CI] | Medium load % [95% CI] | high load % [95% CI] | P value | ||
N = 3661 | N = 1201 | N = 2460 | N = 1838 | N = 1823 | N = 2069 | N = 1108 | N = 309 | ||||
TOTAL COMPLIANCE % | 23 [15–32] | 44 [33–56] | 12 [6–26] | < 0.001 | 12 [4–30] | 33 [23–46] | 0.037 | 28 [18–41] | 14 [5–31] | 24 [8–53] | 0.246 |
Without any invasive procedure2 | n = 1556 | n = 470 | n = 1086 | n = 801 | n = 755 | n = 660 | n = 698 | n = 170 | |||
Overall compliance | 21 [12–32] | 45 [26–65] | 10 [4–21] | 0.001 | 7 [3–18] | 35 [19–54] | 0.002 | 25 [13–42] | 13 [4–31] | 28 [8–62] | 0.367 |
Hand wash prior to contact | 44 [31–59] | 66 [37–87] | 35.0 [21–51] | 0.059 | 24 [13–38] | 66 [48–81] | 0.001 | 46 [26–68] | 36 [19–59] | 64 [56–72] | 0.279 |
Hand wash after contact | 39 [28–51] | 58 [46–70] | 30 [18–45] | 0.005 | 24 [12–42] | 54 [40–67] | 0.009 | 46 [35–56] | 25 [12–46] | 58 [33–80] | 0.361 |
Contact with blood, body fluids and invasive procedures | n = 1476 | n = 454 | n = 1022 | n = 730 | n = 746 | n = 945 | n = 300 | n = 105 | |||
Overall compliance | 14 [8–24] | 37 [24–53] | 4 [2–9] | < 0.001 | 2 [1–5] | 26 [15–41] | < 0.001 | 14 [7–27] | 16 [4–45] | 23 [10–44] | 0.739 |
Hand wash prior to contact | 37 [25–52] | 65 [44–82] | 25 [14–41] | 0.002 | 22 [9–45] | 52 [35–70] | 0.036 | 42 [26–59] | 28 [10–55] | 49 [32–66] | 0.393 |
Hand wash after contact | 39 [29–50] | 65 [50–78] | 27 [18–39] | < 0.001 | 21 [11–35] | 57 [42–70] | < 0.001 | 40 [29–53] | 31 [14–55] | 64 [33–86] | 0.265 |
Glove usage | 20 [13–31] | 45 [29–62] | 10 [5–17] | < 0.001 | 6 [3–10] | 35 [22–51] | < 0.001 | 19 [10–32] | 25 [9–52] | 45 [38–33] | 0.192 |
Environment contact | n = 629 | n = 277 | n = 352 | n = 307 | n = 322 | n = 464 | n = 110 | n = 34 | |||
Overall compliance | 48 [27–69] | 53 [31–75] | 44 [14–78] | 0.669 | 48 [16–82] | 48 [26–70] | 0.009 | 61 [38–79] | 13 [5–26] | 9 [2–28] | < 0.001 |
Hand wash prior to contact | 62 [42–79] | 75 [51–89] | 53 [21–82] | 0.278 | 57 [23–86] | 67 [44–85] | 0.642 | 76 [56–89] | 20 [11–34] | 26 [15–42] | < 0.001 |
Hand wash after contact | 58 [38–75] | 60 [37–79] | 56 [26–82] | 0.853 | 57 [24–85] | 59 [38–77] | 0.852 | 68 [46–84] | 30 [13–55] | 26 [13–47] | 0.011 |