Table 4 Significance test results for sex differences in weight loss intentions and strategies by demographic characteristics
| Â | Â | Studies finding sex difference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Studies finding no sex differences | Females higher endorsement | Males higher endorsement | ||
Weight loss intentions | ||||
Full sample | Davis & Lambert [25]E,N Stevens et al. [41]E,N Story et al. [21]E,N | Calderon et al. [18] Childress et al. [24]M Kilpatrick et al. [19] Krowchuk et al. [23]M McVey et al. [20]M | Â | |
Grade level | ||||
| Â | Elementary-school | Stevens et al. [41]E,N Story et al. [21]E,N | Â | Â |
| Â | Middle-school | Â | Childress et al. [24]M Krowchuk et al. [23]M McVey et al. [20]M | Â |
| Â | High-school | Â | Calderon et al. [18] Kilpatrick et al. [19] | Â |
Type of strategy | Specific strategy | Â | Â | Â |
Healthy | ||||
| Â | Exercise | McVey et al. [20]M Story et al. [21]E,N | Childress et al. [24]M Krowchuk et al. [23]M | Davis & Lambert [25]E,N Kilpatrick et al. [19] |
| Â | Smaller portions | Calderon et al. [18]H | Davis & Lambert [25]E,N | Â |
| Â | Changed what/how ate | Story et al. [21]E,N | Â | Â |
Unhealthy | ||||
|  | Fasting | Calderon et al. [18]H Stevens et al. [41]E,N Story et al. [21]E,N | Childress et al., 1993 [24]M |  |
| Â | Skipping meals | Calderon et al. [18]H Stevens et al. [41]E,N Story et al. [21]E,N | Â | McVey et al. [20]M |
| Â | Fad Diet | Calderon et al. [18]H | Â | Â |
Extreme | ||||
| Â | Diet pills | Calderon et al. [18]H McVey et al. [20]M | Childress et al. [24]M Krowchuk et al. [23]M Story et al. [47]N | Â |
| Â | Diuretics | Childress et al. [24]M | Story et al. [47]N | Â |
| Â | Laxatives | Childress et al. [24]M | Â | Story et al. [47]N |
| Â | Laxatives or diuretics | Â | Â | McVey et al. [20]M |
| Â | Vomiting | Childress et al. [24]M | Story et al. [47]N | McVey et al. [20]M |
| Â | Vomiting or laxatives | Â | Krowchuk et al. [23]M | Â |