Integrated motivational interviewing and cognitive behaviour therapy can increase physical activity and improve health of adult ambulatory care patients in a regional hospital: the Healthy4U randomised controlled trial

Table 1 Characteristics of participants at baseline

Variable	Total	Intervention	Control	p-value
	72	36	36
Age (years)	53 ± 8	53 ± 8	54 ± 7	0.70 ^a
Sex: female, n (%)	54 (75%)	28 (78%)	26 (72%)	0.58 ^a
Stature (cm)	166 ± 8	165 ± 9	168 ± 7	0.20 ^a
Weight (kg)	84.9 ± 9.4	84.5 ± 9.9	85.3 ± 8.9	0.72 ^a
BMI (kg/m²)	30.8 ± 4.1	31.1 ± 4.0	30.5 ± 4.2	0.51 ^a
MVPA (min/day)	31.2 ± 10.1	28.1 ± 9.9	33.3 ± 10.3	0.03 ^a
PA Self-efficacy	31 ± 10	28 ± 8	33 ± 10	0.05 ^a
Smoker, n (%)	23 (32%)	12 (33%)	11 (31%)	0.80 ^b
Obesity, n (%)	38 (53%)	22 (61%)	16 (44%)	0.16 ^b
Hypertension, n (%)	14 (20%)	9 (25%)	5 (14%)	0.23 ^b
OA/RA, n (%)	27 (38%)	16 (44%)	11 (31%)	0.22 ^b
Depression/anxiety, n (%)	30 (42%)	16 (44%)	14 (40%)	0.63 ^b
Employment status, n (%)				0.43 ^b
Full time	22 (31%)	10 (28%)	12 (33%)
Part time	30 (42%)	18 (50%)	12 (33%)
Unemployed	7 (10%)	4 (11%)	3 (8%)
Retired	12 (16%)	4 (11%)	8 (22%)
Other	1 (1%)	0	1 (4%)
Education, n (%)				0.47 ^b
Year 10/11	10 (14%)	4 (11%)	6 (17%)
Year 12	22 (31%)	12 (33%)	10 (28%)
Cert I-IV	18 (25%)	7 (20%)	11 (30%)
Diploma	13 (18%)	9 (25%)	4 (11%)
Bachelor or higher	9 (12%)	4 (11%)	5 (14%)

Group data expressed as means ± standard deviations. Figures in parentheses are proportions. BMI: Body mass index; MVPA: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; OA: Osteoarthritis; RA: Rheumatoid arthritis. ^a t-test between intervention and control groups. ^b chi square test between intervention and control groups

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