Table 3 Excluded universal studies. The universal studies excluded from the subgroup analysis and reasons for exclusion
Primary Authors | Trial | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|---|
Bauman et al. 2001 [114] | Family Matters | SES not stated |
Beets 2009 [115] | Positive Action (Hawaii) | SES not stated |
Bonds 2010 [116] | New Beginnings | Sample almost exclusively white middle class. |
Clayton et al. 1996 [117] | DARE | SES not stated |
Dent et al. 2001 [118] | Towards no drug abuse - General high schools | SES not stated |
Dolan 2010 [119] | BBBS Ireland | SES not stated |
Donaldson 1994 [120] | AAPT | SES not stated |
Eisen et al. 2003 [121] | Lions quest | SES not stated |
Fearnow-Kenney 2003 [122] | All stars Sr | SES not stated |
Furr-Holden et al. 2004 [79] | Family-schools partnership | SES not stated |
Griffin 2006 [123] | Life Skills Training | Participants primarily from middle class suburban background |
Hansen [124] | AAPT | SES not stated |
Li 2011 [125] | Positive Action (Chicago) | SES not stated |
McCambridge et al. 2005 [126] | Motivational interviewing 2005 | SES not stated |
McCambridge et al. 2008 [127] | Motivational interviewing 2008 | SES not stated |
McNeal 2004 [128] | All Stars 1 | SES not stated |
Melnyk 2013 [129] | COPE | SES not stated |
Moskowitz et al. 1984 [130] | Napa | Predominantly white, middle-class and suburban community |
Nader 1999 [131] | CATCH 3 | SES not stated |
Olds 1998 [132] | Nurse Family Partnership 1 | Participants primarily low socioeconomic, unmarried mothers |
Palmer [133] | AAPT | SES not stated |
Patton 2006 [134] | Gatehouse Project | SES not stated |
Pentz et al. 1989 [135] | Midwestern Prevention Project - Indiana | SES not stated |
Perry 2003 [136] | DARE v DARE+ | SES not stated |
Roberts et al. 2011 [137] | Aussie optimism | SES not stated |
Saraf 2015 [138] | Saraf | SES not stated |
Schaps et al. 1982 [139] | Drug education course | Predominantly white, middle-class and suburban community |
Schinke et al. 2009 [140] | Mother-Daughter - Non-Specific Population | SES not stated |
Shek 2011 [141] | PATHS | SES not stated |
Simons-Morton 2005 [142] | Going Places | SES not stated |
Sloboda 2008 [143] | ASAP | SES not stated |
Sun et al. 2006 [144] | Towards no drug abuse - Self-instruction | SES not stated |
Sun et al. 2008 [145] | Towards no drug abuse - TND-4 | SES not stated |
Taylor 2000 [146] | AAPT | SES not stated |
Valente et al. 2007 [147] | Towards no drug abuse - TND Network | SES not stated |
Walter 1986 [148] | Know Your Body 1 | SES not stated |