Table 3 Demographic and sexual behavioral practices predicting HIV infection among sexually active young women aged 16–24 years, National HIV Communication Survey, South Africa, 2012
From: Predictors of male condom use among sexually active heterosexual young women in South Africa, 2012
Variable | HIV + ve | Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | Crude OR | 95% CI | p-value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | p-value | |
Age group | ||||||||
16–19 years | 5 | 3.1 | 1 | Reference | Reference | 1 | Reference | Reference |
20–24 years | 41 | 7.2 | 2.4 | 0.9–6.3 | 0.065 | 7.3 | 2.3–23.1 | 0.001 |
Province | ||||||||
Eastern Cape | 2 | 2.7 | 1 | Reference | Reference | 1 | Reference | Reference |
Free State | 8 | 11.6 | 4.8 | 1.0–23.4 | 0.053 | 4.2 | 0.8–28.9 | 0.085 |
Gauteng | 7 | 5.0 | 1.9 | 0.4–9.6 | 0.418 | 4.0 | 0.7–23.7 | 0.125 |
KwaZulu-Natal | 11 | 7.3 | 2.9 | 0.6–13.3 | 0.178 | 5.4 | 1.0–30.0 | 0.056 |
Limpopo | 4 | 7.4 | 2.9 | 0.5–16.6 | 0.226 | 4.1 | 0.6–29.5 | 0.166 |
Mpumalanga | 7 | 10.6 | 4.3 | 0.9–21.6 | 0.074 | 8.3 | 1.4–51.0 | 0.022 |
North West | 1 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 0.1–13.5 | 0.895 | 1.5 | 0.1–22.6 | 0.768 |
Northern Cape | 1 | 10.0 | 4.1 | 0.3–49.3 | 0.272 | 4.6 | 0.3–83.5 | 0.300 |
Western Cape | 5 | 3.8 | 1.4 | 0.3–7.7 | 0.663 | 2.5 | 0.4–16.0 | 0.323 |
Settlement type | ||||||||
Urban formal | 11 | 4.6 | 1 | Reference | Reference | _ | _ | _ |
Urban informal | 24 | 8.0 | 1.8 | 0.9–3.8 | 0.111 | _ | _ | _ |
Peri-urban | 7 | 8.3 | 1.9 | 0.7–5.1 | 0.200 | _ | _ | _ |
Tribal settlement | 3 | 3.4 | 0.7 | 0.2–2.7 | 0.634 | _ | _ | _ |
Farming | 1 | 7.7 | 1.7 | 0.2–14.6 | 0.609 | _ | _ | _ |
Housing type | ||||||||
Formal house | 7 | 3.4 | 1 | Reference | Reference | _ | _ | _ |
Mostly formal | 16 | 8.3 | 2.5 | 1.0–6.3 | 0.045 | _ | _ | _ |
Mostly informal | 16 | 8.7 | 2.7 | 1.1–6.6 | 0.035 | _ | _ | _ |
Squatter camp | 2 | 2.8 | 0.8 | 0.2–4.0 | 0.802 | _ | _ | _ |
Traditional house | 5 | 7.9 | 2.4 | 0.7–7.9 | 0.142 | _ | _ | _ |
Level of Education | ||||||||
Primary | 4 | 26.7 | 1 | Reference | Reference | 1 | Reference | Reference |
Grade 11 | 27 | 8.0 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.8 | 0.020 | 0.2 | 0.03–0.73 | 0.017 |
Matric | 14 | 4.6 | 0.1 | < 0.0–0.5 | 0.002 | 0.1 | 0.02–0.56 | 0.007 |
Tertiary | 1 | 1.4 | < 0.01 | < 0.01–0.4 | 0.006 | 0.04 | < 0.01–0.51 | 0.013 |
Marital status | ||||||||
Single | 26 | 7.7 | 1 | Reference | Reference | 1 | Reference | Reference |
Stable relationship | 11 | 4.5 | 0.6 | 0.3–1.2 | 0.125 | 0.5 | 0.2–1.3 | 0.156 |
Cohabitation | 4 | 4.4 | 0.5 | 0.2–1.6 | 0.278 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.9 | 0.028 |
Married | 5 | 9.8 | 1.3 | 0.5–3.6 | 0.609 | 0.8 | 0.2–3.6 | 0.798 |
Employment status | ||||||||
Unemployed | 31 | 7.0 | 1 | Reference | Reference | _ | _ | _ |
Employed | 8 | 8.1 | 1.2 | 0.5–2.6 | 0.693 | _ | _ | _ |
Student | 7 | 4.0 | 0.6 | 0.2–1.3 | 0.169 | _ | _ | _ |
Socio-economic status | ||||||||
High | 7 | 3.7 | 1 | Reference | Reference | _ | _ | _ |
Medium | 25 | 8.0 | 2.2 | 0.9–5.3 | 0.066 | _ | _ | _ |
Low | 14 | 6.2 | 1.7 | 0.7–4.3 | 0.255 | _ | _ | _ |
Food security¥ | ||||||||
Insecure | 17 | 14.2 | 1 | Reference | Reference | 1 | Reference | Reference |
Secured | 29 | 4.8 | 0.3 | 0.2–0.6 | < 0.001 | 0.3 | 0.2–0.7 | 0.007 |
Multiple sexual partners¥ | ||||||||
No | 34 | 5.1 | 1 | Reference | Reference | 1 | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 12 | 18.8 | 4.3 | 2.1–8.7 | < 0.001 | 2.9 | 1.2–7.0 | 0.017 |
Sexual debut | ||||||||
0–15 years | 17 | 15.3 | 1 | Reference | Reference | 1 | Reference | Reference |
16–17 years | 19 | 6.4 | 0.4 | 0.2–0.8 | 0.006 | 0.3 | 0.1–0.7 | 0.005 |
18–19 years | 7 | 2.9 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.4 | < 0.001 | 0.1 | 0.03–0.31 | < 0.001 |
20–24 years | 3 | 3.9 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.8 | 0.019 | 0.2 | 0.03–0.70 | 0.014 |
Transactional sex¥ | ||||||||
No | 38 | 5.7 | 1 | Reference | Reference | 1 | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 8 | 14.6 | 2.8 | 1.3–6.4 | 0.012 | 1.8 | 0.6–4.6 | 0.313 |
Intergenerational sex¥ | ||||||||
No | 19 | 4.4 | 1 | Reference | Reference | 1 | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 27 | 9.1 | 2.2 | 1.2–4.0 | 0.011 | 2.0 | 1.0–4.0 | 0.047 |