Table 6 Stepwise Logistic Regression Predicting for Problem and Pathological Gambling compared to Recreational Gambling (n = 6,400)

 No

Reference group

28.2

< .0001

 Yes

3.00 (2.00, 4.50)

Portion of friends and family regular gamblers

2.25 (1.66, 3.05)

27.9

< .0001

  White

Reference group

  Other

.86 (0.30, 2.43)

0.1

.8420

  Hispanic

.70 (0.28, 1.79)

0.6

.3097

  Black

4.60 (2.55, 8.30)

25.8

< .0001

  No

Reference group

23.1

< .0001

  Yes

2.65 (1.78, 3.94)

  Male

2.62 (1.75, 3.92)

22.1

< .0001

  Female

Reference group

  No

Reference group

19.8

< .0001

  Yes

5.71 (2.65, 12.30)

  No

Reference group

15.4

< .0001

  Yes

2.70 (1.64, 4.43)

  No

Reference group

14.3

< .0001

  Yes

2.34 (1.50, 3.65)

  Beyond Bachelor’s degree

Reference group

  High school or less

3.27 (1.69, 6.33)

13.2

< .0001

  Bachelor’s or some College

1.20 (0.63, 2.28)

0.4

.3333

  No

2.49 (1.42, 4.34)

10.3

< .0001

  Yes

Reference group

Unhappy Childhood

1.38 (1.12, 1.69)

9.1

< .0001