Drug treatment | Drug detoxification-only | Drug detoxification plus rehabilitation | Drug detoxification plus rehabilitation (1) vs. drug detoxification-only (0) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample size, unweighted N (weighted row %) | 236,682 (87.45%) | 34,721 (12.55%) | 242,476b | ||||
Weighted column %/Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) | % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | AOR | (95% CI) | p value‡ |
Age group, years | |||||||
 12–17 | 0.52 | (0.34–0.78) | 2.22 | (1.00–4.86) | 2.72 | (1.43–5.17) | 0.002 |
 18–25 | 13.29 | (12.12–14.56) | 18.56 | (16.31–21.04) | 1.00 |  | |
 26–34 | 22.33 | (21.28–23.41) | 23.89 | (21.93–25.96) | 0.88 | (0.79–0.98) | 0.015 |
 35–49 | 46.06 | (44.45–47.68) | 37.69 | (34.65–40.82) | 0.70 | (0.62–0.78) | < 0.001 |
 50–64 | 16.40 | (15.28–17.58) | 15.12 | (13.53–16.86) | 0.67 | (0.58–0.78) | < 0.001 |
 65+ | 1.41 | (1.27–1.56) | 2.53 | (1.78–3.59) | 0.75 | (0.52–1.08) | 0.118 |
Sex | |||||||
 Male | 65.90 | (64.50–67.27) | 60.91 | (58.66–63.12) | 1.00 |  | |
 Female | 34.00 | (32.64–35.39) | 38.80 | (36.63–41.02) | 1.02 | (0.95–1.09) | 0.601 |
Race/Ethnicity | |||||||
 White, non-Hispanic | 42.85 | (39.13–46.64) | 58.15 | (50.62–65.32) | 1.00 |  | |
 Black, non-Hispanic | 22.29 | (19.08–25.87) | 9.96 | (7.20–13.62) | 0.63 | (0.46–0.87) | 0.005 |
 Hispanic | 10.41 | (8.25–13.06) | 4.21 | (2.77–6.35) | 0.48 | (0.33–0.71) | < 0.001 |
 Asian/Pacific-Islander/Native-American | 0.66 | (0.49–0.87) | 0.79 | (0.49–1.30) | 0.65 | (0.38–1.11) | 0.113 |
 Other races, non-Hispanic | 4.18 | (3.00–5.79) | 1.53 | (1.10–2.12) | 0.50 | (0.31–0.81) | 0.005 |
 Unknowna | 16.44 | (12.98-20.61) | 19.11 | (12.2–28.65) | 0.84 | (0.48–1.48) | 0.557 |
Household income | |||||||
 Lowest quartile | 37.30 | (34.26–40.45) | 30.15 | (24.52–36.45) | 1.00 |  | |
 2nd quartile | 20.77 | (19.38–22.23) | 20.63 | (17.90–23.65) | 0.90 | (0.74–1.09) | 0.272 |
 3rd quartile | 18.13 | (16.59–19.78) | 22.87 | (20.26–25.70) | 1.11 | (0.91–1.35) | 0.308 |
 Highest quartile | 16.87 | (15.15–18.75) | 23.14 | (18.76–28.19) | 1.09 | (0.85–1.41) | 0.493 |
Primary expected payer | |||||||
 Medicare | 10.94 | (10.21–11.72) | 18.53 | (15.54–21.94) | 1.07 | (0.83–1.36) | 0.612 |
 Medicaid | 42.63 | (38.50–46.87) | 20.74 | (14.79–28.29) | 0.42 | (0.27–0.64) | < 0.001 |
 Private | 20.05 | (17.90–22.38) | 41.38 | (35.29–47.74) | 1.00 |  | |
 Self-pay | 19.23 | (16.18–22.70) | 13.61 | (9.58–18.97) | 0.40 | (0.25–0.64) | < 0.001 |
 Other payers | 6.93 | (5.51–8.69) | 5.57 | (4.20–7.34) | 0.40 | (0.27–0.59) | < 0.001 |
Hospital region | |||||||
 Northeast | 46.28 | (40.45–52.20) | 28.27 | (18.61–40.45) | 1.00 |  | |
 Midwest | 21.01 | (16.65–26.15) | 16.47 | (10.95–24.02) | 1.02 | (0.49–2.12) | 0.968 |
 South | 24.16 | (19.99–28.88) | 31.05 | (22.29–41.40) | 1.42 | (0.77–2.63) | 0.261 |
 West | 8.56 | (6.91–10.55) | 24.21 | (16.53–34.01) | 2.52 | (1.17–5.47) | 0.019 |
Hospital location | |||||||
 Rural | 5.57 | (4.30–7.19) | 16.90 | (9.88–27.41) | 1.00 |  | |
 Urban | 94.33 | (92.71–95.61) | 82.75 | (72.28–89.82) | 0.32 | (0.18–0.58) | < 0.001 |
Any-listed alcohol use disorder | |||||||
 No | 57.98 | (54.61–61.28) | 55.23 | (50.92–59.47) | 1.00 |  | |
 Yes | 42.02 | (38.72–45.39) | 44.77 | (40.53–49.08) | 1.30 | (1.13–1.50) | < 0.001 |
Any-listed opioid use disorder | |||||||
 No | 23.97 | (21.85–26.22) | 33.56 | (29.04–38.40) | 1.00 |  | |
 Yes | 76.03 | (73.78–78.15) | 66.44 | (61.60–70.96) | 0.75 | (0.63–0.89) | 0.001 |
Any-listed any non-addiction mental health disorderc | |||||||
 No | 53.78 | (51.01–56.53) | 40.12 | (34.69–45.80) | 1.00 |  | |
 Yes | 46.22 | (43.47–48.99) | 59.88 | (54.20–65.31) | 1.18 | (0.94–1.48) | 0.149 |