Table 3 Summary of Articles That Assessed Stairs
Articles That Included Questions on Stairs (n = 5) | Age of Participants | Geographic Location & Terrain | Walkability Measure Used | Differentiated Between Indoor & Outdoor Stairs | Question (s) on Stairs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
De Bourdeaudhuij et al. (2003) [48], De Bourdeaudhuij et al. (2005) [49] | 2003: 18–65a 2005: Sample 1: Mean = 35.1 (SD = 11.5); Sample 2: Mean = 34.1 (SD = 12.3)b | Urban (no information on terrain) Compared (city centre, suburbs, & countryside); no information on terrain | Self-created items on walkability | N (both papers) | “Are the stairs at your work accessible? Safe? Pleasant?” (Y, N, NA) |
Kerr et al. (2011) [50] | 66+ | Urban; Assessed curved paths and path with moderate slope | Audit of Physical Activity Resources for Seniors (APARS) | Y | “Outside stairways (not from building)” (Y/N) “> 2 staircase” (Y/N), “> 1 staircase visible from main entrance” (Y/N) |
Koh et al. (2015) [51] | 65+ | Urban; Assessed slopes in neighborhood | Self-created items on walkability | N (appears to focus on outdoor stairs only) | “There are few stairs/slopes in my neighbourhood” [“Strongly disagree” to “Strongly agree” (4-point scale)] |
Tsai et al. (2013) [52] | 75–81 | Urban; Terrain was one variable they looked at (defined as hilly terrain and poor street conditions) | Self-created items on walkability | Y | Survey questions not written out in article but they asked about environmental mobility barriers which includes presence of outdoor or indoor stairs in entrances (Y/N) |