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Table 4 Logistic and multinominal logistic regression analyses on associations between single types of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and single and multiple health risk behaviours (HRBs)

From: How adverse childhood experiences relate to single and multiple health risk behaviours in German public university students: a cross-sectional analysis

ACEs

Single types of HRBs

Multiple HRBs

Risky drinking

(n = 299)

Smoking daily

(n = 153)

Drug abuse

(n = 206)

Early sexual intercourse

(n = 279)

Multiple sexual partners

(n = 63)

Suicidality

(n = 138)

1 HRB

(n = 418)

2 HRBs

(n = 190)

3+ HRBs

(n = 103)

AOR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

PA

1.21 (0.98–1.50)

0.35 (0.12–1.03)

0.96 (0.36–2.56)

1.17 (0.52–2.63)

1.72 (0.45–6.59)

1.81 (0.77–4.28)

1.20 (0.54–2.70)

1.19 (0.46–3.08)

0.42 (0.12–1.49)

EA

1.05 (0.63–1.76)

0.87 (0.49–1.53)

0.44 (0.26–0.75)

1.23 (0.75–2.02)

0.48 (0.20–1.14)

1.92 (1.05–3.50)

1.00 (0.63–1.61)

1.03 (0.57–1.86)

1.27 (0.64–2.54)

PN

0.31 (0.11–0.87)

0.96 (0.43–2.15)

0.46 (0.20–1.09)

0.55 (0.23–1.33)

0.75 (0.13–4.37)

0.90 (0.36–2.29)

1.17 (0.54–2.54)

0.57 (0.20–1.60)

0.70 (0.22–2.25)

EN

0.68 (0.41–1.11)

1.78 (1.11–2.87)

1.54 (1.0–2.37)

1.0 (0.64–1.57)

1.61 (0.77–3.37)

3.19 (1.96–5.19)

1.57 (1.02–2.41)

1.90 (1.13–3.21)

1.96 (1.05–3.64)

SA

0.96 (0.58–1.57)

0.91 (0.52–1.61)

2.18 (1.37–3.47)

2.60 (1.69–4.01)

1.34 (0.61–2.95)

1.03 (0.56–1.90)

1.30 (0.84–1.99)

1.91 (1.15–3.17)

3.12 (1.77–5.48)

SubA

1.31 (0.78–2.22)

1.99 (1.15–3.44)

1.84 (1.11–3.03)

1.10 (0.65–1.84)

0.44 (0.16–1.23)

0.94 (0.49–1.80)

1.11 (0.68–1.83)

1.35 (0.74–2.45)

1.10 (0.53–2.29)

MI

1.23 (0.86–1.74)

1.49 (0.98–2.27)

1.67 (1.15–2.39)

1.18 (0.82–1.70)

2.09 (1.12–3.91)

1.43 (0.90–2.27)

1.09 (0.79–1.50)

1.13 (0.74–1.73)

2.12 (1.26–3.57)

DV

1.08 (0.71–1.64)

1.02 (0.62–1.67)

1.60 (1.06–2.42)

1.34 (0.88–2.04)

2.69 (1.35–5.34)

1.16 (0.66–2.02)

1.30 (0.88–1.91)

1.52 (0.92–2.51)

1.60 (0.87–2.96)

SD

0.94 (0.64–1.38)

1.24 (0.79–1.96)

0.83 (0.55–1.25)

1.60 (1.09–2.34)

0.98 (0.49–1.98)

0.84 (0.49–1.43)

1.31 (0.93–1.84)

1.57 (1.0–2.45)

1.04 (0.57–1.90)

AD

1.20 (0.76–1.89)

1.55 (0.94–2.55)

2.26 (1.45–3.51)

1.12 (0.72–1.76)

1.43 (0.66–3.11)

1.62 (0.91–2.86)

1.32 (0.87–2.0)

1.56 (0.92–2.63)

1.68 (0.85–3.29)

FP

1.95 (1.17–3.27)

1.29 (0.73–2.27)

0.74 (0.42–1.30)

0.83 (0.48–1.44)

0.46 (0.16–1.31)

0.76 (0.40–1.43)

1.54 (0.95–2.51)

1.20 (0.63–2.27)

1.48 (0.73–3.02)

B

0.75 (0.49–1.15)

1.53 (0.98–2.39)

0.78 (0.50–1.20)

0.64 (0.41–1.01)

1.16 (0.57–2.37)

2.31 (1.45–3.69)

0.90 (0.61–1.33)

1.00 (0.60–1.66)

0.84 (0.45–1.57)

PV

1.59 (0.78–3.26)

1.32 (0.63–2.73)

0.30 (0.11–0.80)

2.19 (1.11–4.29)

1.02 (0.30–3.40)

0.77 (0.35–1.70)

1.16 (0.50–2.70)

1.40 (0.49–4.0)

2.39 (0.80–7.13)

n

1230

1228

1211

1199

1086

1199

1230

1230

1230

R2

0.050

0.114

0.141

0.101

0.083

0.210

0.118

0.118

0.118

  1. Note: Logistical regression analysis for single types of HRBs; multinomial logistical regression analysis for multiple HRBs, reference category = no HRB (n = 755); all analyses adjusted for sociodemographic variables (gender, individual age, parental age, migration background, parental education, and family SES); weighted results; significant values (p < 0.05) are in bold; AOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval, PA physical abuse, EA emotional abuse, PN physical neglect, EN emotional neglect, SA sexual abuse, SubA substance abuse by household member, MI mental illness of household member, DV domestic violence, SD parental separation or divorce, AD parental absence or death, FP serious financial problems, B bullying, PV peer violence