Table 2 Implementation of tobacco and alcohol control interventions
From: Non-communicable disease prevention policy process in five African countries authors
Best buy interventions | Interventions implemented | Country | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cameroon | Kenya | Malawi | Nigeria | South Africa | ||
Tobacco | ||||||
Taxation | Taxation on all cigarettes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
Increase in tobacco taxes since 2011 | Yes | Yes | – | No | Yes | |
Tax applies to all tobacco products (cigarettes, snuffs, chewing tobacco) | Partial | – | Partial | No | Yes | |
Smoke free policies | National smoke free policy that covers all public places | Partial | Partial | No | Yes | Yes |
Penalties for non-compliance exist | No | No | No | Partial | Yes | |
Health warnings on tobacco products | Multiple warnings/images rotated from time to time | No | – | No | Partial | Yes |
Large, clear, visible (at least 30% coverage) and legible all brands/all products | Yes | – | No | Yes | Yes | |
Health warning includes pictures or pictograms all brands/all products | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | |
Include constituents and emissions of tobacco on all brands/products | Partial | – | No | No | No | |
In official country language on all brands | Partial | Partial | No | No | Partial | |
Required on all tobacco products | Partial | – | No | Partial | Yes | |
Bans of Tobacco Advertising ban | Ban advertising, promotion and sponsorship of all tobacco products | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Ban for all forms of mass media | – | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | |
Disclosure of expenditure on advertising by industry | No | No | No | No | No | |
Alcohol | ||||||
Taxation | Any current form of tax on alcohol | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
Tax increases on alcohol since 2011 | Yes | Yes | Partial | No | Yes | |
Alcohol tax percent is above the tax percent for non-alcoholic beverages | Yes | – | Partial | – | ||
Restrict access | Minimum age for alcohol purchase (Below 18) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Limits on alcohol retailers’ opening hours | Partial | Partial | Yes | No | Yes | |
Licensing of alcohol retailors | Partial | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | |
Advertising and promotion bans | Prohibited advertising time slots on TV and radio | No | Yes | No | Partial | No |
Enforced penalties for non-compliance | Partial | – | Partial | No | No | |
Physical Activity | Promotion of physical activity | Yes | No | No | No | No |
Diet | Salt reduction requirements for processed foods in 2016 | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Public awareness campaigns through mass media | Yes | No | No | No | No | |