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Table 3 Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI for the separate models of reported environmental hazards, the social environment, and cultural stressors on fair/poor self-rated health

From: Self-rated health and its association with perceived environmental hazards, the social environment, and cultural stressors in an environmental justice population

 

Model N

OR

95% CI

Reported environmental hazardsa

 Noise disturbance

≥ 2 noises

350

1.54**

1.22, 1.94

1 noise

0.85

0.60, 1.21

No noise

Ref

 

 Negative response to noise

No negative response

350

1.27

0.92, 1.74

Negative response

1.26

0.97, 1.63

No noise

Ref

 

 Sleep disruption from noise

No sleep disruption

350

0.91

0.56, 1.47

Sleep disruption

1.29**

1.02, 1.63

No noise

Ref

 

 Odor

≥1 odor

350

1.01

0.79, 1.29

No odor

Ref

 

 Odor with negative response

Negative response

329

1.08

0.76, 1.54

No negative response

0.89

0.65, 1.23

No odor

Ref

 

 Odors affecting behavior

Cannot open window/go outside

350

0.96

0.67, 1.39

Can open window/go outside

0.89

0.34, 2.35

No odor

Ref

 

 Perceived air quality

Very bad/Bad

347

1.21

0.90, 1.64

Uncertain/Never thought about it

1.26

0.94, 1.68

Very good/Good

Ref

 

 Pests

Pests reported

347

1.16

0.91, 1.48

No pests

Ref

 

 Neighborhood conditions

Worst conditions

350

1.27

0.85, 1.90

Average conditions

0.94

0.61, 1.45

Best conditions

Ref

 

Social environmenta

 High social cohesion

Highest cohesion

350

0.80

0.52, 1.23

Average cohesion

0.88

0.58, 1.31

Least cohesion

Ref

 

 Feeling unsafe

Feels least safe

348

1.10

0.71, 1.69

Feels average safe

1.06

0.68, 1.65

Feels most safe

Ref

 

 Perceived crime

Most crime

349

1.12

0.73, 1.72

Average crime

1.05

0.68, 1.62

Least crime

Ref

 

 Drug use and loitering

Most problems with drugs

348

1.07

0.70, 1.63

Average problems with drugs

0.90

0.58, 1.38

Least problems with drugs

Ref

 

Cultural stressorsb

 Immigration status

Feels insecure

350

1.53**

1.12, 2.10

Feels secure

Ref

 

 Language stress

Reported stress

349

0.94

0.72, 1.22

No stress

Ref

 

 Ethnic identity

Identifies strongly with own group

350

0.97

0.65, 1.46

Identifies with own group

0.97

0.65, 1.45

Does not identify with own group

Ref

 

 Ethnic group orientation

Strongly identifies with other groups

350

0.62**

0.39, 0.98

Identifies with other groups

0.93

0.64, 1.37

Does not identify with other groups

Ref

 
  1. ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.10
  2. aAdjusted for age, sex, education, all health conditions, language, disability
  3. bAdjusted for age, sex, education, all health conditions, disability