Univariate | Multivariateb | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | OR (95% CI) | p-value | aOR (95% CI)2 | p-value | |
Maternal characteristics | |||||
Age (years) | 0.98 (0.93–1.03) | 0.502 | |||
Unmarried/not cohabiting | 5.90 (2.69–12.94) | < 0.001* | 3.79 (1.56–9.19) | 0.004 | |
Duration of relationship (years) | 0.99 (0.94–1.04) | 0.613 | |||
Education | None | ref | |||
Primary | 1.67 (0.56–4.95) | 0.350 | |||
Secondary | 0.79 (0.25–2.46) | 0.677 | |||
> Secondary | 0.81 (0.23–2.86) | 0.738 | |||
Employment | Salaried | ref | |||
Self employed | 3.09 (0.93–10.31) | 0.066 | |||
Housewife | 2.35 (0.74–7.50) | 0.146 | |||
Unemployed | 3.64 (0.96–13.81) | 0.057 | |||
KSH ≤ 5000 income/month | 2.25 (1.23–4.12) | 0.009* | 1.85 (1.00–3.41) | 0.050 | |
IPV (from current male partner)c | 3.48 (1.83–6.62) | < 0.001* | 3.65 (1.84–7.21) | < 0.001 | |
Current male partner characteristics | |||||
Partner age (years) | 0.99 (0.94–1.04) | 0.634 | |||
Partner education | None | Ref | |||
Primary | 2.89 (0.38–21.99) | 0.304 | |||
Secondary | 1.71 (0.21–13.72) | 0.613 | |||
> Secondary | 1.25 (0.14–10.77) | 0.838 | |||
Partner employment | Unemployed | Ref | |||
Self employed | 1.55 (0.65–3.71) | 0.321 | |||
Salaried | 0.80 (0.30–2.10) | 0.641 | |||
Partner tested for HIV | 1.25 (0.67–2.31) | 0.476 | |||
Partner HIV statusd | HIV-uninfected | Ref | |||
HIV-infected | – | ||||
Unknown | 4.23 (0.92–19.50) | 0.064 | |||
Obstetric history | |||||
Number of living children | 1.08 (0.94–1.23) | 0.266 | |||
≥4 ANC visits e | 0.63 (0.40–0.99) | 0.047 | |||
Partner did not attend ANCe | 4.17 (1.92–9.05) | < 0.001 | 4.12 (1.89–8.95) | < 0.001 | |
Health facility deliverye | 0.43 (0.26–0.71) | 0.001* | 0.47 (0.26–0.82) | 0.009 |