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Table 5 Prevalence of waterpipe smoking by gender and nationality

From: Cigarette, waterpipe and e-cigarette use among an international sample of medical students. Cross-sectional multicenter study in Germany and Hungary

 

Waterpipe smokers

 
 

Total

Males

Females

Difference between gendersa

Total sample

n = 2725

132 (4.8)

73 (7.0)

59 (3.5)

p < 0.001

German students

n = 1207

51 (4.2)

30 (6.4)

21 (2.9)

p = 0.003

Hungarian students

n = 996

57 (5.7)

27 (7.5)

30 (4.7)

p = 0.067

Norwegian students

n = 138

4 (2.9)

1 (2.0)

3 (3.4)

p = 0.656

Multinational group

n = 384

20 (5.2)

15 (8.9)

5 (2.3)

p = 0.004

Difference among nationalitiesa

p = 0.271

p = 0.353

p = 0.208

 
  1. Data expressed as n (%). aPearsons chi2-test