| 2008/09 | 2015/16 | p * | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | APPLE Schools | Comparison Schools | APPLE Schools graduates*** | Comparison Schools graduates*** |  |
No. of schools | 10 | 163 | 13 | 13 | Â |
No. of students | 277 | 3300 | 202 | 338 | Â |
Gender, % | |||||
 Girls | 50.2 | 52.0 | 48.3 | 59.1 | 0.021 |
 Boys | 49.8 | 48.0 | 51.7 | 40.9 |  |
Age, mean ± SD (years) | 10.8 ± 0.4 | 10.9 ± 0.4 | 13.8 ± 1.4 | 14.0 ± 1.3 | 0.045 |
Knowledge (mean ± SD)** | 2.73 ± 0.69 | 2.81 ± 0.71 | 3.26 ± 0.54 | 3.34 ± 0.49 | 0.07 |
Attitude (mean ± SD)** | 3.42 ± 0.55 | 3.44 ± 0.57 | 2.72 ± 0.51 | 2.81 ± 0.41 | 0.04 |
Self-efficacy for healthy eating (mean ± SD)** | 3.12 ± 0.63 | 3.11 ± 0.61 | 2.77 ± 0.73 | 2.81 ± 0.65 | 0.51 |
Self-efficacy for physical activity (mean ± SD)** | 2.99 ± 0.63 | 3.09 ± 0.59 | 2.91 ± 0.76 | 2.83 ± 0.71 | 0.259 |
Dietary outcomes | |||||
 Mean dietary energy intake (kcal)/d ± SD | 2117 ± 1242 | 1998 ± 1157 | 2173 ± 1034 | 2155 ± 1059 | 0.848 |
PA, mean ± SD | |||||
 Typical week, steps/d | 9081 ± 2638 | 9798 ± 2960 | 6810 ± 2549 | 6667 ± 2586 | 0.615 |
 School days, steps/d | 9943 ± 2834 | 10,540 ± 3242 | 7616 ± 2833 | 7413 ± 2960 | 0.528 |
 Non-school days, steps/d | 6928 ± 3799 | 7944 ± 3851 | 5177 ± 3476 | 5067 ± 3188 | 0.787 |
 School hours, steps/h | 777 ± 218 | 839 ± 245 | 653 ± 221 | 634 ± 231 | 0.445 |
 Non-school hours, steps/h | 621 ± 300 | 638 ± 55 | 340 ± 222 | 323 ± 227 | 0.488 |
Weight status | |||||
 Overweight, % | 44.4 | 37.6 | 44.6 | 32.3 | 0.005 |
 Obesity, % | 19.5 | 14.0 | 18.7 | 15.7 | 0.381 |
Parental education, % | |||||
 Secondary or less | 30.5 | 27.2 | 23.0 | 21.8 | 0.112 |
 College | 41.1 | 42.1 | 32.8 | 24.9 |  |
 University or above | 28.5 | 30.7 | 44.3 | 53.2 |  |
Household income, % | |||||
  < $50,000 | 34.5 | 21.6 | 13.7 | 24.8 | p < 0.001 |
 $50,001 - $100,000 | 37.4 | 40.4 | 15.3 | 34.2 |  |
  > $100,000 | 28.1 | 38.0 | 71.0 | 41.1 |  |
Geographic Location, % | |||||
 Metropolitan | 64.9 | 24.9 | 23.8 | 60.2 | p < 0.001 |
 City | 0.0 | 30.8 | 76.2 | 39.8 |  |
 Rural-town | 35.1 | 44.3 | – | – |  |