Dietary patterns are influenced by socio-demographic conditions of women in childbearing age: a cohort study of pregnant women

Teixeira, Juliana Araujo; Castro, Teresa Gontijo; Grant, Cameron C.; Wall, Clare R.; Castro, Ana Lúcia da Silva; Francisco, Rossana Pulcineli Vieira; Vieira, Sandra Elisabete; Saldiva, Silvia Regina Dias Medici; Marchioni, Dirce Maria

doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5184-4

Table 3 Association between socio-demographic factors and pre-pregnancy dietary patterns of women, ProcriAr study (n = 454) - São Paulo/Brazil, 2012

From: Dietary patterns are influenced by socio-demographic conditions of women in childbearing age: a cohort study of pregnant women

Socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics	Lentils, whole grains and soups^a				Snacks, sandwiches, sweets and soft drinks				Seasoned vegetables and lean meats				Sweetened juices, bread and butter, rice and beans
	Univariate		Multivariate		Univariate		Multivariate		Univariate		Multivariate		Univariate		Multivariate
	βi	95%CI	βi	95%CI	βi	95%CI	βi	95%CI	βi	95%CI	βi	95%CI	βi	95%CI	βi	95%CI
Age (years)	0.05	0.03;0.06	0.04	0.03;0.06	−0.02	−0.04;−0.01	− 0.02	−0.04;− 0.01	0.02	0.00;0.03	0.01	0.00;0.03	−0.01	−0.03;0.00	− 0.01	− 0.03;0.01
≥ 8 years of education	0.29	0.11;0.47	0.08	− 0.10;0.27	0.26	0.07;0.44	0.27	0.07;0.46	0.22	0.03;0.40	0.21	0.01;0.41	−0.07	− 0.25;0.12	− 0.03	− 0.23;0.17
White skin (ethnicity)^b	0.08	− 0.11;0.26	0.06	− 0.13;0.24	0.02	− 0.17;0.21	0.03	− 0.16;0.22	0.00	−0.19;0.19	− 0.08	− 0.28;0.11	0.07	− 0.12;0.26	0.06	− 0.13;0.25
Having a partner	0.22	0.04;0.41	−0.04	−0.23;0.16	− 0.17	−0.35;0.02	− 0.07	− 0.28;0.14	0.24	0.06;0.43	0.19	−0.02;0.40	− 0.04	− 0.22;0.15	0.10	− 0.11;0.31
Region of birth
Southeast	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–
Northeast	0.29	0.08;0.49	0.14	−0.07;0.36	− 0.44	− 0.65;−0.24	− 0.31	− 0.53;−0.09	− 0.12	−0.33;0.09	− 0.17	− 0.40;0.06	− 0.10	− 0.31;0.11	− 0.10	−0.33;0.12
Other^c	0.73	0.18;1.28	0.55	0.03;1.07	0.24	−0.30;0.79	0.31	−0.24;0.85	0.29	−0.26;0.85	0.22	−0.34;0.79	0.06	−0.50;0.61	− 0.04	− 0.59;0.52
Nutritional status
Underweight	0.09	−0.43;0.62	−0.04	− 0.55;0.47	0.09	− 0.43;0.61	0.12	− 0.41;0.66	− 0.22	− 0.74;0.31	−0.14	− 0.68;0.41	0.25	− 0.27;0.77	0.13	− 0.41;0.67
Normal weight	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–
Overweight	0.08	−0.14;0.29	− 0.01	− 0.22;0.19	− 0.24	− 0.45;−0.03	− 0.13	− 0.35;0.08	0.08	−0.13;0.30	0.07	−0.16;0.29	− 0.26	− 0.47;−0.05	− 0.24	− 0.46;−0.03
Obese	0.28	0.03;0.53	0.22	−0.02;0.47	0.02	−0.23;0.27	0.02	−0.24;0.28	− 0.08	− 0.33;0.17	− 0.17	− 0.44;0.10	−0.43	− 0.67;−0.18	− 0.39	− 0.65;−0.13
Dietary supplements use	−0.20	− 0.66;0.26	− 0.19	− 0.62;0.24	0.06	− 0.40;0.52	0.18	− 0.27;0.63	0.03	− 0.43;0.49	− 0.05	− 0.52;0.41	0.13	− 0.33;0.59	0.14	− 0.31;0.60
No formal work	−0.21	− 0.39;− 0.03	−0.03	− 0.22;0.17	− 0.24	−0.43;−0.06	− 0.40	− 0.60;−0.20	0.15	− 0.04;0.33	0.19	−0.03;0.40	0.22	0.04;0.40	0.25	0.04;0.46
No family history HT	−0.16	− 0.35;0.03	− 0.02	− 0.22;0.18	0.04	− 0.15;0.23	− 0.06	−0.26;0.15	− 0.09	−0.28;0.09	− 0.08	− 0.29;0.14	0.34	0.15;0.52	0.33	0.12;0.53
No family history DM	−0.23	− 0.49;0.03	0.00	− 0.26;0.26	0.13	− 0.12;0.39	0.17	− 0.11;0.44	− 0.04	− 0.30;0.22	− 0.01	−0.29;0.27	0.09	−0.17;0.35	− 0.11	− 0.39;0.16
Not a current smoker	0.49	0.23;0.76	0.46	0.19;0.72	−0.12	− 0.39;0.15	− 0.14	− 0.41;0.14	− 0.06	− 0.34;0.21	− 0.07	−0.35;0.22	0.17	−0.10;0.44	0.16	−0.12;0.44
≥ 2 h/day of TV	−0.27	− 0.46;−0.09	−0.13	− 0.32;0.07	0.05	− 0.14;0.24	0.16	− 0.04;0.37	0.02	− 0.17;0.21	−0.03	− 0.24;0.18	−0.05	− 0.24;0.14	−0.11	− 0.32;0.10

95%CI 95% confidence interval, DM Diabetes Mellitus, HT Hypertension. Statistically significant β is presented in bold. Missing number of cases for: Years of formal education (2), Ethnicity (based on self-reported skin colour) (3), Relationship status (1), Family history of hypertension (4), Family history of diabetes (3), Smoking (1), and Hours/day watching TV (12). ^aEach dietary pattern regression model was adjusted by the others and also by the primary health care unit. Interactions not included in this model. ^bWhite skin compared to non-white skin (parda, black and other ethnicities). ^cOther in Region of birth includes South, North and Midwest of Brazil

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