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Table 4 Association of obesity with RTIs in females and males

From: Obesity and risk of respiratory tract infections: results of an infection-diary based cohort study

  

Male (N = 524)

Female (N = 931)

  
  

Prevalence (%)

Prevalence (%)

  

Outcome indicators

Approach

Non-obese (N = 449)

Obese (N = 75)

OR

95% CI

Non-obese (N = 819)

Obese (N = 112)

OR

95% CI

OR male/OR female

P-value

Monthly level:

 Any RTI

crude

34.4

39.3

1.24

(0.86; 1.79)

35.7

45.9

1.66

(1.24; 2.22)

0.75

0.221

adjusteda

  

1.23

(0.86; 1.78)

  

1.67

(1.25; 2.23)

0.74

0.196

 Any URTI

crude

29.2

33.9

1.18

(0.80; 1.73)

31.2

41.1

1.72

(1.27; 2.31)

0.69

0.129

adjusteda

  

1.22

(0.84; 1.79)

  

1.79

(1.33; 2.41)

0.68

0.121

 Any LRTI

crude

8.5

11.7

1.97

(1.02; 3.78)

6.7

12.1

2.92

(1.75; 4.87)

0.67

0.351

adjusteda

  

1.47

(0.78; 2.80)

  

2.43

(1.47; 4.03)

0.60

0.225

 Sinusitis

crude

4.8

8.1

1.51

(0.69; 3.29)

7.3

12.1

2.36

(1.38; 4.01)

0.64

0.353

adjusteda

  

1.55

(0.71; 3.40)

  

2.48

(1.45; 4.25)

0.63

0.331

 Rhinitis

crude

25.3

29.3

1.10

(0.76; 1.61)

25.9

35.0

1.68

(1.25; 2.26)

0.66

0.089

adjusteda

  

1.19

(0.82; 1.73)

  

1.79

(1.33; 2.40)

0.66

0.091

 Otitis media

crude

0.85

0.92

0.60

(0.11; 3.19)

0.86

1.81

3.89

(1.34;11.24)

0.15

0.066

adjusteda

  

0.62

(0.12; 3.20)

  

4.20

(1.47;12.02)

0.15

0.054

 Pharyngitis/Laryngitis

crude

9.4

11.4

1.54

(0.91; 2.61)

10.3

14.8

1.82

(1.22; 2.73)

0.84

0.616

adjusteda

  

1.50

(0.88; 2.55)

  

1.84

(1.22; 2.77)

0.81

0.542

 Tonsillitis

crude

1.49

0.79

0.56

(0.12; 2.55)

2.11

2.93

1.82

(0.83; 4.00)

0.31

0.177

adjusteda

  

0.66

(0.15; 2.98)

  

1.99

(0.90; 4.37)

0.33

0.205

 Influenza-like illness

crude

10.8

14.6

1.35

(0.90; 2.03)

10.8

15.4

1.73

(1.26; 2.38)

0.78

0.347

adjusteda

  

1.38

(0.92; 2.07)

  

1.72

(1.25; 2.36)

0.81

0.406

 Bronchitis

crude

8.5

11.3

1.77

(0.91; 3.46)

6.6

11.9

2.83

(1.69; 4.76)

0.63

0.277

adjusteda

  

1.32

(0.68; 2.55)

  

2.35

(1.41; 3.92)

0.56

0.172

 Pneumonia

crude

0.24

0.40

2.30

(0.22;23.53)

0.13

0.46

10.94

(1.47;81.47)

0.21

0.316

adjusteda

  

2.62

(0.24;28.13)

  

9.92

(1.34;73.33)

0.26

0.391

 Other acute resp. infections

crude

2.12

0.59

0.15

(0.03; 0.76)

2.55

2.90

1.29

(0.62; 2.72)

0.11

0.018

adjusteda

  

0.13

(0.03; 0.68)

  

1.18

(0.56; 2.50)

0.11

0.017

  ≥ 3 RTIs

crude

7.6

10.7

1.44

(0.81; 2.58)

8.2

13.9

2.68

(1.74; 4.13)

0.54

0.093

adjusteda

  

1.37

(0.77; 2.45)

  

2.70

(1.75; 4.15)

0.51

0.066

 Long RTIs

crude

11.9

18.0

2.05

(1.18; 3.59)

11.9

21.8

2.69

(1.74; 4.15)

0.76

0.454

adjusteda

  

1.72

(0.98; 2.99)

  

2.47

(1.60; 3.81)

0.69

0.309

 Upper 10% in diary score

crude

9.4

13.9

1.49

(0.84; 2.65)

9.1

16.7

2.78

(1.81; 4.27)

0.54

0.089

adjusteda

  

1.35

(0.76; 2.39)

  

2.69

(1.75; 4.14)

0.50

0.057

Seasonal level:

  ≥ 4 months RTIs

crude

17.6

25.0

2.26

(1.00; 5.09)

18.1

30.3

2.99

(1.58; 5.66)

0.76

0.592

adjusteda

  

1.99

(0.88; 4.46)

  

2.94

(1.56; 5.56)

0.68

0.450

  ≥ 3 long RTIs

crude

8.2

15.8

2.57

(1.24; 5.34)

8.3

18.3

3.51

(2.02; 6.09)

0.73

0.502

adjusteda

  

2.24

(1.07; 4.70)

  

3.20

(1.83; 5.60)

0.70

0.449

 Upper 10% in diary score

crude

9.7

16.8

2.45

(0.82; 7.31)

8.4

20.6

7.13

(3.15;16.12)

0.34

0.124

adjusteda

  

1.89

(0.64; 5.57)

  

5.95

(2.67;13.26)

0.32

0.093

Individual level:

 Upper 10% in diary score

crude

9.8

10.7

1.10

(0.50; 2.44)

8.2

23.2

3.39

(2.05; 5.62)

0.32

0.019

adjusteda

  

0.90

(0.40; 2.03)

  

2.95

(1.76; 4.95)

0.31

0.015

  1. aadjusted by age (continuous) and educational status (three categories)
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