From: Risk factors for malnutrition among preschool children in rural Karnataka: a case-control study
Factors | Case n = 190 (%) | Control n = 380 (%) | Odds ratio (95%CI) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Colostrum given | ||||
Yes | 177 (93.16) | 365 (96.1) | 0.111 | |
No | 13 (6.84) | 16 (3.9) | ||
Pre-lacteal feed | ||||
No | 76 (40.0) | 303 (79.7) | 0.001 | |
Yes | 114 (60.0) | 77 (20.3) | 5.90 (4.02–8.6) | |
Exclusive breast feed given | ||||
Up to 6 months | 112 (58.9) | 164 (43.2) | 1.89 (1.32–2.69) | 0.001 |
6 and more than 6 months | 78 (41.1) | 216 (56.8) | ||
Type of weaning food | ||||
Rice | 48 (25.3) | 59 (15.5) | 1.41 (0.89–2.22) | 0.001 |
Rice, milk | 100 (52.6) | 171 (45.0) | 2.81 (1.69–4.6) | |
Rice, milk, veg/pulses | 42 (22.1) | 150 (39.5) | ||
Type of complimentary food given | ||||
Veg/pulses | 16 (8.4) | 14 (3.7) | 0.30 (.14–.66) | 0.003 |
Veg/pulses and egg/fish | 119 (62.6) | 209 (55.0) | 0.61 (.42–.90) | |
Veg/pulses, egg/fish and meat/ chicken | 55 (28.9) | 157 (41.3) | ||
Bottle feed | ||||
No | 137 (72.1) | 281 (73.9) | 0.639 | |
Yes | 53 (27.9) | 99 (26.1) | ||
Food restriction | ||||
No | 109 (57.4) | 295 (77.6) | 0.001 | |
Yes | 81 (42.6) | 85 (22.4) | 2.57 (1.7–3.75) | |
Special food prepared and given | ||||
No | 161 (84.7) | 271 (71.3) | 0.001 | |
Yes | 29 (15.3) | 109 (28.7) | 2.23 (1.41–3.51) | |
Frequency of candies/chocolate given | ||||
Daily/alternative days | 143 (75.3) | 228 (60.0) | 2.02 (1.37–2.99) | 0.001 |
Once/twice week | 47 (24.7) | 152 (40.0) |