Table 1 Full electronic search strategy for the MEDLINE database – Identification of UVGs

1

exp disease outbreaks/sn (5773)

2

exp disease outbreaks/ep (3512)

3

exp disease outbreaks/pc (12003)

4

exp *Disease Outbreaks/ (42825)

5

1 or 2 or 3 or 4 (47887)

6

exp population groups/ (197252)

7

exp population surveillance/ (48732)

8

exp measles/ (12908)

9

exp measles vaccine/ (7121)

10

exp Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine/ (2056)

11

exp mumps/ (3574)

12

exp mumps vaccine/ (2965)

13

exp rubella/ (7276)

14

exp rubella vaccine/ (4256)

15

exp influenza human/ (33423)

16

exp influenza vaccine/ (15305)

17

exp influenza vaccines/ (15305)

18

exp poliomyelitis/ (15592)

19

exp poliovirus vaccines/ (6073)

20

exp whooping cough/ (6302)

21

exp tetanus/ (8118)

22

exp Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine/ (2306)

23

exp Diphtheria/ (5187)

24

exp pertussis vaccine/ (6539)

25

exp diphtheria tetanus vaccine/ (307)

26

exp meningococcal infections/ (9327)

27

exp meningococcal vaccines/ (2232)

28

exp hepatitis b/ (43927)

29

exp hepatitis b vaccines/ (7243)

30

exp hepatitis b virus/ (18871)

31

exp pneumococcal infections/ (16122)

32

exp pneumococcal vaccines/ (4460)

33

8 or 11 or 13 or 15 or 18 or 20 or 21 or 23 or 26 or 28 or 30 or 31 (160650)

34

9 or 10 or 12 or 14 or 16 or 17 or 19 or 22 or 24 or 25 or 27 or 29 or 32 (47477)

35

exp vaccines/ (165840)

36

exp vaccination/ (54688)

37

exp mass vaccination/ (1849)

38

33 and (35 or 36 or 37) (38389)

39

5 and (6 or 7) and (34 or 38) (640)

40

39 (640)

41

(vaccin$ adj (rate$ or coverage$)).ti,ab. (5377)

42

(low adj vaccinat$).ti,ab. (211)

43

40 and (41 or 42) (105)

44

exp immunization programs/ (8797)

45

5 and (34 or 38) (4269)

46

(group$ or ethnic$ or minorit$ or communit$ or subgroup$).ti. (277479)

47

45 and 46 (173)

48

47 (173)

49

(ethnic$ or minorit$ or communit$ or subgroup$).ti,ab. (518807)

50

45 and 49 (394)

51

exp disease susceptibility/ (103745)

52

exp health services accessibility/ (79608)

53

exp vulnerable populations/ (5086)

54

exp patient acceptance of healthcare/ (154409)

55

exp treatment refusal/ (10295)

56

exp minority groups/ (9817)

57

exp attitude to health/ (275774)

58

50 and (51 or 52 or 53 or 54 or 55 or 56 or 57) (52)

59

58 (52)

60

45 and 53 (10)

61

45 and 56 (2)

62

60 or 61 (12)

63

(34 or 38) and outbreak$.ti. and ((ethnic$ or minorit$ or communit$ or subgroup$).ti. or exp. *patient acceptance of healthcare/ or exp. *treatment refusal/ or exp. *minority groups/) (65)

64

63 (65)

65

(34 or 38) and outbreak$.ti. and 57 (31)

66

65 (31)

67

exp treatment refusal/ (10295)

68

exp “religion and medicine”/ (9768)

69

(34 or 38) and outbreak$.ti. and 68 (17)

70

(34 or 38) and outbreak$1.ti. and 67 (18)

71

69 or 70 (31)

72

71 (31)

73

(34 or 38) and (exp *treatment refusal/ or exp. *“religion and medicine”/) (116)

74

73 (116)

75

outbreak$.ti,ab. and (72 or 74) (35)

76

(united adj states).ti. (36958)

77

75 not 76 (33)

78

77 (33)

79

43 or 59 or 62 (158)

80

79 and (exp *health services accessibility/ or exp. *minority groups/ or exp. *attitude to health/ or exp. *treatment refusal/ or exp. *“religion and medicine”/) (27)

81

64 or 66 or 72 or 78 (97)

82

81 or 59 or 62 or 80 (143)

83

82 (143)

84

83 not 76 (140)

85

(Peru or Nigeria or Sydney or Brazil or Zealand or Mexico or Australia$).ti. (91932)

86

84 not 85 (127)

87

(35 or 36 or 37) and (exp *health services accessibility/ or exp. *minority groups/ or exp. *attitude to health/ or exp. *treatment refusal/ or exp. *“religion and medicine”/) and outbreak$.ti. (24)

88

87 (24)

89

88 not 86 (4)

90

89 not 76 (2)

91

exp *treatment refusal/ and exp. *“religion and medicine”/ (114)

92

91 and (35 or 36 or 37) (5)

93

92 (5)

94

67 and 68 and (35 or 36 or 37) and outbreak$.ti,ab. (4)

95

94 (4)

96

33 and 68 (76)

97

34 and 68 (26)

98

96 or 97 (82)

99

98 (82)

100

99 not (86 or 90 or 93 or 95) (62)

101

100 not (76 or 85) (57)

102

86 or 90 or 93 or 95 or 101 (189)

103

(measles and outbreaks).ti. (97)

104

103 and italy.ti. (1)

105

(34 or 38) and outbreak$.ti. and coverage$.ti. (22)

106

105 (22)

107

106 not 102 (19)

108

exp ethnic groups/ (105533)

109

4 and exp. *ethnic groups/ and 33 (36)

110

109 (36)

111

110 not 102 (25)

112

(minority and coverage).ti. and (35 or 36 or 37) (2)

113

exp *minority groups/ and (35 or 36 or 37) and coverage.ti. (2)

114

(religious and vaccin$ and coverage).ti. (1)

115

exp *Immunization Programs/ (5694)

116

115 and 68 (18)

117

116 (18)

118

117 not 102 (12)

119

107 or 111 or 113 or 118 (58)

120

119 not (76 or 85) (53)

121

4 and 33 (10049)

122

exp hepatitis a/ (17195)

123

exp dysentery/ (10986)

124

exp shigella/ (10261)

125

33 or 122 or 123 or 124 (191696)

126

4 and 125 (11161)

127

7 and 126 (1495)

128

127 (1495)

129

(56 or 108) and 126 (100)

130

129 (100)

131

128 or 130 (1579)

132

131 (1579)

133

exp anthroposophy/ (180)

134

epidemiology.fs. (1122530)

135

exp *measles/ or exp. *mumps/ or exp. *rubella/ or exp. *influenza human/ or exp. *poliomyelitis/ or exp. *whooping cough/ or exp. *tetanus/ or exp. *Diphtheria/ or exp. *meningococcal infections/ or exp. *hepatitis b/ or exp. *hepatitis b virus/ or exp. *pneumococcal infections/ (131969)

136

exp *hepatitis a/ or exp. *dysentery/ or exp. *shigella/ (27317)

137

135 or 136 (157514)

138

exp europe/ (1059556)

139

132 and (137 or 133) and 138 and 134 (693)

140

139 (693)

141

(outbreak or population or (low adj vaccination)).ti. (153831)

142

140 and 141 (211)

143

140 (693)

144

limit 143 to “review articles” (17)

145

142 or 144 (228)

146

exp Treatment Refusal/ (10295)

147

140 and (133 or 146) (5)

148

132 and (133 or 146) (7)

149

145 or 148 (230)

150

(measles$ or mumps$ or rubella$ or influenza$ or poliomyelitis$ or (whooping adj cough) or tetanus$ or diphtheria$ or pertussis$ or meningococcal$ or hepatitis$ or pneumococcal$ or dysentery$ or shigella$).ti. (245343)

151

(outbreak$ or epidemic$ or denominat$).ti. (45258)

152

(minorit$ or (isolated adj group$) or (low adj vaccinat$) or (vaccine$ adj (rate or rates or coverage$)) or ethnic$ or communit$ or (treatment adj refus$) or religious$ or gipsy or gipsies or anthropo$).ti. (131353)

153

150 and 151 (8602)

154

152 and 153 (276)

155

154 not (102 or 120 or 149) (191)

156

102 or 120 or 149 or 154 (644)

157

remove duplicates from 156 (591)