Common risk indicators for oral diseases and obesity in 12-year-olds: a South Pacific cross sectional study

BMC Public Health

Table 5 Association between risk indicators and prevalence of oral diseases and obesity (bivariate analysis)

Groups of the Clinical Oral and General Health Index (COGHI)	Healthy ^R	Oral diseases	Obesity	Oral diseases & Obesity	Total N (%)
Sex (n = 1155)
Male^R	35.9%	28.7%	18.9%	16.3%	566 (49.0)
Female	37.2%	25.8%	20.4%	16.6%	589 (51.0)
Geographical area (n = 1130)
Islands	33.0%	39.6% **	15.1%	12.3%	71 (6.3)
North	27.2%	42.7%***	11.8%	18.3%*	246 (21.8)
South ^R	39.8%	21.03%	22.6%	16.5%	813 (71.9)
Cultural ethnic group (n = 1128)
Melanesian	38.1%	26.3%*	22.1%	13.5%**	312 (27.7)
Caledonian	34.8%	32.1%**	16.0%	17.0%***	505 (44.8)
Polynesian	27.5%	19.8%*	25.1%**	27.5%***	207 (18.3)
Others^R	56.7%	20.2%	20.2%	2.9%	104 (9.2)
Type of school (n = 1166)
Public ^R	37.2%	26.1%	20.8%	15.9%	881 (75.6)
Private	34.5%	31.0%	16.2%	18.3%	285 (24.4)
Tooth-brushing frequency (n = 1137)
≥1/day^R	41.7%	23.0%	21.5%	13.8%	631(55.5)
< 1/day	29.3%	32.4%***	18.0%	20.4%***	506 (44.5)
Use of sweet drinks (n = 1163)
Yes	35.1%	31.0%	16.9%	16.9%	413 (35.5)
No^R	37.3%	25.3%	21.1%	16.3%	750 (64.5)
Lunch at school (n = 1154)
Yes^R	37.1%	25.6%	20.2%	17.1%	1038 (89.9)
No	32.8%	41.4%**	12.9%	12.9%	116 (10.1)
Smoking habits (n = 1106)
Already smoked	25.0%	35.6%**	15.9%	23.5%**	132 (11.9)
Never^R	37.7%	26.7%	19.9%	15.7%	974 (88.1)
Dental attendance (n = 1153)
Already visited a dentist	37.1%	26.9%	18.9%	17.1%	957 (83.0)
Never^R	35.2%	29.1%	21.9%	13.8%	196 (17.0)
Dental anxiety (n = 1165)
Anxiety	36.0%	28.0%	18.6%	17.4%	414 (35.5)
No anxiety (score ≤ 3)^R	36.9%	26.9%	20.2%	16.0%	751(64.5)
Prevention at school (n = 1002)
No experience	36.9%	26.2%	20.0%	16.9%	691 (68.9)
Already experienced^R	34.7%	30.5%	20.3%	14.5%	311 (31.1)

The groups Oral disease, Obesity, Oral disease & Obesity are compared with the Healthy group
The bivariate analyses integrate the school and investigator effects
For the explanatory variables, each category is compared with a reference category indicated with a R
Proportions (%) are calculated per line for the different COGHI groups and per column for the total
***P < 10^–⁴, **P < 0.01, *P ≤ 0.05

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