Table 2 Published studies on acute coronary syndrome in PLWH in sub-Saharan Africa

Becker et al. [101]

(SA, 2004-08)

Prospective case-control

ACS + PLWH: 30

ACS + HIV-: 30

43 ± 7 54 ± 13

100% ART-naïve

• Traditional risk factors more prevalent in HIV-, except for smoking

• PLWH more likely to have single vessel disease and greater thrombus burden

• PLWH more likely to have MACE and need TLR at follow-up

Becker et al. [103]

(SA, 2004-08)

• PLWH with ACS more likely to have lower protein C and higher Factor VIII, Anti-cardiolipin IgG and Anti-prothrombin IgG

Becker et al. [104]

(SA, 2004-08)

Prospective case-control

ACS-PLWH: 30

ACS + PLWH: 30

ACS + HIV-: 30

41 ± 8

43 ± 7

54 ± 13

100% ART-naïve

• PLWH are more likely to have anti-phospholipid antibodies but this is not associated with ACS

Sliwa et al. [24]

(SA, 2006-08)

Cohort

PLWH: 518

39 ± 13

46% ART-naïve

54% on ART

• 170 (32.8%) were new HIV diagnoses

• 14 (2.7%) were admitted with ACS and 18 (3.5%) with cerebrovascular disease

Redman et al. [105]

(SA, 2008-11)

Prospective cohort of vascular surgery patients

PLWH: 73

HIV-: 152

41 ± 10

56 ± 13

68% ART-naïve

23% on ART

• Lower RCRI score among PLWH

• No difference in 30 day outcomes (13% vs 15%), even though PLWH were younger