Table 3 Adjusted odds ratios of over-the-counter (OTC) drug use by price category
Adjusted odds ratio of utilization (and 95% confidence interval) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All OTC drugs | OTC drugs ≥ €10 | OTC drugs ≥ €25 | ||||
Gender | ||||||
Male | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
Female | 1.52*** | (1.34–1.73) | 1.27* | (1.00–1.61) | 0.90 | (0.54–1.49) |
Study area | ||||||
Munich | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
Leipzig | 0.87 | (0.69–1.10) | 0.85 | (0.55–1.32) | 0.49 | (0.17–1.42) |
Bad Honnef | 1.09 | (0.79–1.50) | 1.00 | (0.55–1.81) | 0.32 | (0.04–2.35) |
Wesel | 0.93 | (0.81–1.08) | 0.72* | (0.54–0.97) | 0.50* | (0.26–0.96) |
Maternal educational level | ||||||
Low | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
Medium | 1.35* | (1.06–1.72) | 1.31 | (0.77–2.23) | 0.70 | (0.27–1.81) |
High | 1.35* | (1.05–1.73) | 1.29 | (0.75–2.20) | 0.56 | (0.21–1.50) |
Paternal educational level | ||||||
Low | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
Medium | 1.03 | (0.83–1.27) | 1.43 | (0.91–2.25) | 3.20* | (1.11–9.21) |
High | 1.23* | (1.01–1.50) | 2.00** | (1.32–3.04) | 3.02* | (1.07–8.53) |
Household income | ||||||
Low | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
Medium | 1.15 | (0.94–1.42) | 1.21 | (0.80–1.81) | 0.69 | (0.30–1.58) |
High | 1.07 | (0.86–1.33) | 0.85 | (0.56–1.31) | 0.73 | (0.32–1.67) |
Chronic disease | ||||||
No | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
Yes | 1.66*** | (1.44–1.90) | 1.87*** | (1.46–2.38) | 1.95* | (1.16–3.28) |