|
Variable
|
Total
|
Obese
|
Non-obese
|
P
|
|---|
|
(N = 1210)
|
(n = 197)
|
(n = 1013)
| |
|---|
|
Age (years)
|
15.5 ± 2.8
|
15.2 ± 3.0
|
15.6 ± 2.8
|
0.063
|
|
Male, n (%)
|
594 (49.1)
|
123 (62.4)
|
471 (46.5)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Anthropometric assessment
|
|
Body weight (kg)
|
55.5 ± 14.9
|
74.7 ± 15.5
|
51.7 ± 11.6
|
< 0.001
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
21.3 ± 4.2
|
28.3 ± 3.2
|
19.9 ± 2.7
|
< 0.001
|
|
Waist (cm)
|
71.8 ± 10.8
|
73.5 ± 12.6
|
71.5 ± 10.4
|
0.060
|
|
Waist-to-height ratio
|
0.8 ± 0.1
|
0.5 ± 0.1
|
0.4 ± 0.1
|
0.123
|
|
Waist-hip ratio
|
0.45 ± 0.06
|
0.81 ± 0.08
|
0.80 ± 0.07
|
0.236
|
|
Systolic BP (mmHg)
|
114.2 ± 18.5
|
115.8 ± 19.5
|
113.9 ± 18.3
|
0.208
|
|
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
|
67.9 ± 12.9
|
68.5 ± 13.9
|
67.9 ± 13.8
|
0.503
|
|
Pulse pressure (mmHg)
|
46.3 ± 14.2
|
47.2 ± 14.6
|
46.1 ± 14.1
|
0.304
|
|
Lifestyle history
|
|
Smoking, n (%)
|
29 (2.4)
|
6 (3.0)
|
23 (2.3)
|
0.515
|
|
Betel nut chewing, n (%)
|
6 (0.5)
|
2 (0.9)
|
4 (0.4)
|
0.335
|
|
Biochemistry data
|
|
Creatinine (mg/dL)
|
0.79 ± 0.17
|
0.77 ± 0.16
|
0.79 ± 0.17
|
0.177
|
|
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)
|
90.8 ± 8.6
|
91.1 ± 7.2
|
90.7 ± 8.8
|
0.608
|
|
ALT (mg/dL)
|
17.0 ± 16.4
|
18.1 ± 19.8
|
16.8 ± 19.7
|
0.336
|
|
AST (mg/dL)
|
19.1 ± 7.4
|
19.6 ± 9.6
|
19.0 ± 6.9
|
0.328
|
|
Uric acid (mg/dL)
|
5.73 ± 1.43
|
5.71 ± 1.51
|
5.73 ± 1.42
|
0.782
|
|
GGT (U/L)
|
15.2 ± 10.3
|
16.5 ± 14.3
|
14.9 ± 9.4
|
0.063
|
|
Lipid profiles
|
|
LDL (mg/dL)
|
95.5 ± 25.7
|
95.6 ± 27.4
|
95.5 ± 25.3
|
0.957
|
|
VLDL (mg/dL)
|
15.6 ± 7.7
|
15.8 ± 7.5
|
15.5 ± 7.7
|
0.628
|
|
HDL (mg/dL)
|
57.9 ± 11.4
|
58.1 ± 11.9
|
57.9 ± 11.3
|
0.821
|
|
Cholesterol (mg/dL)
|
162.3 ± 27.3
|
162.8 ± 29.4
|
162.2 ± 26.9
|
0.777
|
|
TG (mg/dL)
|
78.2 ± 41.2
|
80.1 ± 44.8
|
77.9 ± 40.4
|
0.490
|
|
GGT (U/L)
|
15.2 ± 10.3
|
16.5 ± 14.3
|
14.9 ± 9.4
|
0.063
|
|
NAFLD, n (%)
|
167 (13.8)
|
35 (17.8)
|
132 (13.0)
|
0.078
|
-
Abbreviation: ALT aspartate aminotransferase, AST alanine aminotransferase, NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, BW body weight, BMI basal metabolic index, BP blood pressure, GGT gamma-glutamyl aminotransferase, LDL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, VLDL very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglycerides
