The effect of food insecurity on health status of adolescents in Ethiopia: longitudinal study

BMC Public Health

Table 3 Random intercept coefficients estimated with maximum likelihood, Jimma Longitudinal Family Survey of Youth, Southwest Ethiopia (n = 1919)

	Model I		Model II		Model III
Exposure to FI	β	SE	β	SE	β	SE
Food insecurity	0.357**	0.079	0.322**	0.081	0.281**	0.082
Time	1.850**	0.291	1.966**	0.308	2.109**	0.312
Time²	−0.327**	0.071	−0.356**	0.079	−0.381**	0.080
Socio Economic Positions
Sex (female)			0.195*	0.082	0.189*	0.083
Age_(14–17)			0.082	0.105	0.084	0.117
Age_(18–22)			0.214	0.175	0.166	0.191
Education-Primary			−0.380**	0.113	−0.377**	0.113
Education-Secondary & above			−0.467**	0.131	−0.467**	0.131
Female headed household			0.015	0.111	0.039	0.119
Parental education
Primary			−0.063	0.116	−0.065	0.114
Secondary & above			−0.091	0.117	−0.121	0.117
Wealth status			−0.030	0.059	−0.064	0.063
Rural residence			−0.242*	0.122	−0.308*	0.127
Religiosity index			−0.164**	0.042	−0.168**	0.041
Risk factors and Social support
Multiple risk factors					0.114*	0.050
Smokers in the household					0.268*	0.119
Chronic HH food insecure					−0.109	0.088
Dietary diversity score					−0.054	0.041
Had social network & Support					0.061	0.043
Underweight					−0.035	0.084
Overweight					−0.565	0.328
Physical health (illness) in the last one month					0.521**	0.091
_Cons	−3.336**	0.087	−3.114**	0.299	−3.343**	0.316
Variance (_Cons)	1.038	0.155	0.951	0.141	0.866	0.137
ICC	23.99	0.027	22.42	0.026	20.84	0.026

FI Food Insecurity, SE Standard Error, HH Households, Cons Constant, ICC Intra Cluster Correlation
*P < =0.05, **P < 0.001;

ISSN: 1471-2458