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Table 1 Characteristics by disaster-induced changes in socioeconomic status among 14,913 men and 18,437 women aged 20–64 years in Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima, 2012

From: Lifestyle-related factors that explain disaster-induced changes in socioeconomic status and poor subjective health: a cross-sectional study from the Fukushima health management survey

 

Men

Women

Unchanged

Changed

P valueb

Unchanged

Changed

P value

No. of participants

4133

10,780

 

5302

13,135

 

Mean age (years) (SDa)

49.1 (12.6)

46.7 (12.8)

<0.001

48.0 (12.6)

45.1 (12.8)

<0.001

Prevalence of poor subjective health (%)

8.6

17.2

<0.001

10.0

18.1

<0.001

History of disease (%)

53.6

54.2

0.520

44.7

41.2

<0.0001

 Hypertension

32.2

32.8

0.483

23.9

22.0

0.005

 Diabetes

15.8

15.8

0.979

9.7

8.9

0.113

 Dyslipidemia

30.7

33.1

0.005

25.9

23.8

0.003

 Cancer

2.3

2.4

0.865

3.6

2.7

0.001

 Stroke

2.4

2.5

0.684

1.2

1.3

0.882

 Cardiac disease

5.3

5.7

0.306

3.1

3.2

0.724

 Liver disease

1.8

2.2

0.108

1.3

1.1

0.206

 Pneumonia

2.0

2.1

0.502

2.0

2.1

0.679

 Fracture

3.7

3.2

0.160

4.3

3.5

0.009

 Thyroid disease

1.2

0.8

0.032

4.7

4.4

0.412

History of mental illness (%)

4.8

4.5

0.405

4.2

5.7

<0.0001

Activities of daily living (Go shopping for daily necessities) (%)

 Can’t do by myself

1.7

1.2

0.008

1.2

1.0

0.202

Educational status (%)

 Vocational college/ junior college, university•graduate school

28.2

28.2

0.053

34.2

34.7

<0.0001

 High school

54.5

56.1

 

51.3

54.4

 

 Elementary school •junior high school

17.3

15.7

 

14.5

11.0

 

Evacuation place (%)

 Fukushima prefecture

96.3

77.2

<0.001

95.7

72.7

<0.001

 Other prefectures

3.7

22.8

 

4.3

27.4

 

Smoking (%)

 Never smoked

26.2

22.3

<0.001

81.0

71.1

<0.001

 Quit

33.8

31.5

 

8.9

12.2

 

 Current smoker

39.9

46.2

 

10.1

16.8

 

Alcohol consumption (%)

      

 Less than once/month

27.9

26.3

0.051

66.1

60.9

<0.001

 Quit

2.8

2.5

 

1.6

2.4

 

 At least once a month

69.3

71.3

 

32.3

36.7

 

Satisfaction of sleep (%)

 Satisfied

45.9

31.7

<0.001

34.5

24.2

<0.001

 Slightly dissatisfied

44.0

47.7

 

52.4

51.9

 

 Complaint

10.2

20.6

 

13.1

23.9

 

Participatin in recreation and community activity (%)

 Never or rarely

50.9

70.9

<0.001

59.5

75.6

<0.001

 Sometimes

35.9

23.6

 

33.7

20.7

 

 Often

13.2

5.5

 

6.8

3.7

 

Regular exercise (%)

 Almost every day

11.5

10.8

0.190

7.7

7.7

0.880

 2–4 times /week

14.4

13.7

 

14.5

14.3

 

 ≤1 time /week

74.1

75.6

 

77.8

78.1

 
  1. a SD standard deviation
  2. b P values were calculated by chi-square test (categorical variables), or t-test (continuous variables)
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