Social Exclusion Index-for Health Surveys (SEI-HS): a prospective nationwide study to extend and validate a multidimensional social exclusion questionnaire

Table 5 Association between SEI-HS and known risk factors and correlates (development sample) and comparison with SCP index

		SEI-HS		SCP index^a
		(Development sample: N = 129.464)		(N = 574)
		β^b	p	β^b	p
Educational level	Low educational level (no education and primary school)	0.18	***	0.12	**
Ethnic background	Non-Western ethnic background	0.27	***	0.18	**
Family situation	Single parent with underage child(ren)	0.07	***	0.13	**
Family situation	Living alone	0.19	***	0.16	**
Labour market position (64 years or younger)	Unemployed and/or recipient of social security or disability benefits. (SCP: Receives unemployment benefit, disability benefit or social assistance benefit)	0.31	***	−0.03	ns
Labour market position (64 years or younger)	No paid job	0.21	***	0.02	ns
Income	Low income^c (SCP: Less than average household income)	0.26	***	0.23	**
Health	Self-rated health fair or poor	0.31	***	0.19	**
	Diagnosed with at least one chronic condition. (SCP: Suffers from a disability or a chronic condition)	0.13	***	0.09	*
	Severe functional limitations in mobility, vision or hearing	0.27	***
	High risk for anxiety and depression disorder. (SCP: Low subjective well-being)^d	0.36	***	0.30	**
Neighbourhood	Living in deprived neighbourhood	0.18	***

Explanatory note. Linear regression analyses were used to assess relationships between SEI-HS and known risk factors and correlates. Construct validity was considered satisfactory if at least 75% of the associations were in correspondence with predefined hypotheses
* Significant effect, p < 0.05; ** Significant effect, p < 0.01; *** Significant effect, p < 0.001; ns Not significant, p > =0.05
^aVrooman and Hoff [34]
^bStandardised regression coefficients
^cLow income = lowest quintile standardised of yearly household income (2010) i.e. below 15.200 Euro. (Data obtained from Statistics Netherlands)
^dKessler psychological distress scale (K10), score 30 or higher

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