Workplace violence towards nurses in Hong Kong: prevalence and correlates

Cheung, Teris; Yip, Paul S. F.

doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4112-3

BMC Public Health

Table 1 Frequency distribution of respondents by workplace violence (WPV) and socio-demographic characteristics and other selected variables (n = 850)

From: Workplace violence towards nurses in Hong Kong: prevalence and correlates

Variables	WPV		P	cOR	95% CI
Variables	Yes (n)^c	%	P	cOR	Lower Bound	Upper Bound
Sex
Male^a	51	48.6	-	-	-	-
Female	328	44.0	0.309	0.84	0.61	1.17
Age (Years)			0.021
21–24	37	48.7	0.023	3.04	1.17	7.91
25–34	135	49.1	0.008	3.26	1.36	7.85
35–44	128	45.2	0.022	2.79	1.16	6.70
45–54^a	71	38.2	0.120	2.04	0.83	4.99
Education level			0.666
Bachelor degree or above^a	271	45.5	-	-	-	-
Associate degree	47	43.5	0.575	0.89	0.59	1.35
Secondary school (Form 4–7)	61	41.5	0.430	0.86	0.60	1.25
Marital status			0.309
Single, never married^a	173	47.9	-	-	-	-
Married/cohabitant	196	41.9	0.130	0.81	0.61	1.07
Divorced/widowed/separated	11	50.0	0.986	0.99	0.41	2.39
Religion
No	241	44.5	0.843	0.97	0.73	1.29
Yes^a	137	44.6	-	-	-	-
Monthly household income (HKD)			0.625
20,000–39,000	108	45.2	0.853	0.97	0.69	1.36
40,000–59,000	132	42.3	0.354	0.86	0.62	1.18
≥ 60,000^a	139	46.6	-	-	-	-
Specialty
General nursing	237	40.2	0.000	0.56	0.42	0.79
Mental health nursing^a	142	54.6	-	-	-	-
Position
Staff nurse	341	46.1	0.020	1.67	1.10	2.54
Charge nurse^a	37	33.9	-	-	-	-
Years of employment
< 10	189	47.0	0.183	1.20	0.92	1.58
≥ 11^a	190	42.4	-	-	-	-
Shift work
No^a	73	29.6	-	-	-	-
Yes	306	50.7	0.000	2.44	1.78	3.35
Job satisfaction
Dissatisfied	167	54.2	0.000	1.88	1.42	2.49
Satisfied^a	212	39.0	-	-	-	-
Upset with colleagues
No^a	134	38.7	-	-	-	-
Yes	245	48.6	0.004	1.51	1.14	1.99
Chronic illness
No^a	279	42.3	-	-	-	-
Yes	100	52.6	0.012	1.51	1.09	2.09
Bereavement of first degree relatives in the past year
No^a	356	43.8	-	-	-	-
Yes	23	60.5	0.048	1.96	1.01	3.81
Bereavement of other relatives and friends in the past year
No^a	258	42.7	-	-	-	-
Yes	121	49.2	0.091	1.29	0.96	1.74
Exercise
No^a	334	45.4	0.214	1.29	0.86	1.93
Yes	45	39.5	-	-	-	-
Smoking status
No smoking^a	370	44.2	-	-	-	-
Smoking	9	75.0	0.057	3.38	0.97	11.85
Current drinker			0.487
No^a	282	43.5	-	-	-	-
Yes, 1–2 times/month	79	48.8	0.234	1.23	0.87	1.74
Yes, daily to few times/month	18	46.2	0.784	1.09	0.58	2.09
Entertainment
No	246	46.9	0.088	1.28	0.97	1.69
Yes^a	133	40.8	-	-	-	-
Maintain 7–8 h sleep 3–4 times/week
No	258	47.2	0.037	1.35	1.02	1.78
Yes^a	121	39.8	-	-	-	-
Current drinker			0.487
No^a	282	43.5	-	-	-	-
Yes, 1–2 times/month	79	48.8	0.234	1.23	0.87	1.74
Yes, daily to few times/month	18	46.2	0.784	1.09	0.58	2.09
Entertainment
No	246	46.9	0.088	1.28	0.97	1.69
Yes^a	133	40.8	-	-	-	-
Maintain 7–8 h sleep 3–4 times/week
No	258	47.2	0.037	1.35	1.02	1.78
Yes^a	121	39.8	-	-	-	-
Psychiatric disorder
No^a	372	44.2	-	-	-	-
Yes	7	77.8	0.064	4.94	0.91	26.76
Self-perceived physical health
Poor	249	48.8	0.003	1.54	1.16	2.03
Good^a	130	38.2	-	-	-	-
Self-perceived mental health
Poor	191	51.8	0.000	1.67	1.27	2.20
Good^a	188	39.1	-	-	-	-
Deliberate self-harm
No^a	334	43.3	-	-	-	-
Yes	45	57.0	0.019	1.75	1.10	2.75
Depressive symptoms
No^a	225	41.2	-	-	-	-
Yes^b	154	50.5	0.009	1.46	1.10	1.94
Anxiety symptoms
No^a	216	40.4	-	-	-	-
Yes^c	163	51.6	0.002	0.64	0.48	0.84
Stress symptoms
No^a	207	41.3	-	-	-	-
Yes^d	172	49.3	0.023	0.73	0.55	0.96

cOR Crude odds ratio. ^aReference group. ^bDASS Depression Scores ≥ 10 (mild, moderate, severe, extremely severe); ^cDASS Anxiety Scores ≥ 8 (mild, moderate, severe, extremely severe); ^dDASS Stress Scores ≥ 15 (mild, moderate, severe, extremely severe)
Significant data are highlighted in bold

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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