Local descriptive body weight and dietary norms, food availability, and 10-year change in glycosylated haemoglobin in an Australian population-based biomedical cohort

Carroll, Suzanne J.; Paquet, Catherine; Howard, Natasha J.; Coffee, Neil T.; Adams, Robert J.; Taylor, Anne W.; Niyonsenga, Theo; Daniel, Mark

doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4068-3

Table 4 Associations between local descriptive insufficient fruit intake norms, food resource availability, and 10-year change in HbA_1c

From: Local descriptive body weight and dietary norms, food availability, and 10-year change in glycosylated haemoglobin in an Australian population-based biomedical cohort

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
Predictors	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)
Insufficient fruit intake norm and fast-food outlet availability
Time (in years – not standardised)	0.0337 (0.0307–0.0367)****	0.0337 (0.0306–0.0367)****	0.0337 (0.0307–0.0368)****	0.0335 (0.0304–0.0365)****
Insufficient fruit intake norm	0.0008 (−0.0189–0.0205)	0.0002 (−0.0197–0.0200)	0.0106 (−0.0104–0.0315)	0.0111 (−0.0097–0.0320)
Insufficient fruit intake norm*time	0.0055 (0.0025–0.0085)***	0.0055 (0.0025–0.0086)***	0.0055 (0.0025–0.0086)***	0.0055 (0.0025–0.0086)***
Fast-food outlets	-	−0.0053 (−0.0252–0.0146)	−0.0095 (−0.0293–0.0103)	−0.0096 (−0.0293–0.0101)
Fast-food outlets*time	-	0.0001 (−0.0030–0.0033)	0.0001 (−0.0030–0.0033)	0.0001 (−0.0031–0.0033)
Insufficient fruit intake norm*fast-food outlets	-	-	-	−0.0062 (−0.0271–0.0147)
Insufficient fruit intake normfast-food outletstime	-	-	-	−0.0020 (−0.0054–0.0015)
Area-level education (% university degree)	-	-	0.0296 (0.0077–0.0514)**	0.0306 (0.0089–0.0524)**
AIC	4420.8	4424.5	4419.7	4421.4
BIC	4462.3	4471.2	4469.0	4475.9
Adjusted ICC _{(participants)}	0.59	0.59	0.59	0.60
Adjusted ICC _{(State Suburb)}	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Insufficient fruit intake norm and healthful food resource availability
Time (in years – not standardised)	0.0337 (0.0307–0.0367)****	0.0338 (0.0307–0.0368)****	0.0338 (0.0307–0.0369)****	0.0337 (0.0306–0.0367)****
Insufficient fruit intake norm	0.0008 (−0.0189–0.0205)	0.0020 (−0.0178–0.0218)	0.0123 (−0.0087–0.0334)	0.0115 (−0.0096–0.0326)
Insufficient fruit intake norm*time	0.0055 (0.0025–0.0085)***	0.0053 (0.0023–0.0084)***	0.0053 (0.0023–0.0084)***	0.0052 (0.0021–0.0082)**
Healthful food resources	-	0.0104 (−0.0093–0.0302)	0.0107 (−0.0087–0.0300)	0.0078 (−0.0121–0.0278)
Healthful food resources*time	-	−0.0015 (−0.0046–0.0016)	−0.0015 (−0.0049–0.0017)	−0.0018 (−0.0051–0.0015)
Insufficient fruit intake norm*healthful food resources	-	-	-	−0.0115 (−0.0320–0.0090)
Insufficient fruit intake normhealthful food resourcestime	-	-	-	−0.0011 (−0.0045–0.0022)
Area-level education (% university degree)	-	-	0.0280 (0.0063–0.0496)**	0.0300 (0.0083–0.0517)**
AIC	4420.8	4423.3	4419.1	4420.7
BIC	4462.3	4470.0	4468.4	4475.2
Adjusted ICC _{(participants)}	0.59	0.59	0.59	0.59
Adjusted ICC _{(State Suburb)}	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01

All models adjusted for individual covariates: age (at baseline), sex, marital status, education, employment status, and smoking status; standardised (β) coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CI); *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001; n = 1945

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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