Associations between access to alcohol outlets and alcohol intake and depressive symptoms in women from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Australia

Table 4 Associations between alcohol outlet access and depressive symptoms from linear and log-binomial regression models (N = 995)

	√CESD-10 Score^a	At risk of depression^b (No/Yes)
Alcohol outlet exposure^c	β (95% CI)	OR^d (95% CI)
All outlets
Number within 0.4 km
Zero spike	0.098 (−0.108, 0.303)	1.341 (0.851, 2.114)
Greater than zero ^e	−0.003 (−0.013, 0.007)	0.972 (0.933, 1.013)
Number within 3 km	−0.0001 (−0.0004, 0.0002)	0.998 (0.997, 1.000)*
Off-site outlets
Number within 0.4 km
Zero spike	0.165 (−0.077, 0.407)	1.20 (0.70, 2.05)
Greater than zero	0.119 (−0.059, 0.297)	0.73 (0.47, 1.15)
Number within 3 km	−0.0006 (−0.0041, 0.0030)	0.982 (0.967, 0.997)*
On-site outlets
Number within 0.4 km
Zero spike	−0.002 (−0.009, 0.005)	1.29 (0.87, 1.92)
Greater than zero	−0.001 (−0.174, 0.172)	0.98 (0.96, 1.01)
Number within 3 km	−0.0002 (−0.0007, 0.0003)	0.998 (0.997, 0.999)**
On-site (excl. late night) outlets
Number within 0.4 km
Zero spike	0.105 (−0.143, 0.353)	1.64 (0.95, 2.86)
Greater than zero	0.003 (−0.017, 0.023)	0.99 (0.94, 1.05)
Number within 3 km	−0.0003 (−0.0008, 0.0003)	0.997 (0.995, 0.999)**
Late night on-site outlets^f
Number within 3 km
Zero spike	0.0450 (−0.1105, 0.2005)	1.360 (1.000, 1.851)
Greater than zero	−0.0002 (−0.0009, 0.0005)	0.996 (0.994, 0.998)**

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Models adjusted for education, employment, household income and urban/rural classification
^aSquare root transformation of CESD-10 to deal with skewed distribution
^bCESD-10 score of 10 or more classed as ‘at risk’
^cSeparate models were fitted for each of the alcohol outlet access measures (i.e., number within 0.4 km and number within 3 km)
^dOdds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI)
^eGreater than zero is the continuous predictor for all observations greater than zero
^fFew participants had a late night on-site outlet within 0.4 km so only the 3 km distance was considered for this exposure

ISSN: 1471-2458