Table 1 Demographic, socioeconomic and behavioural characteristic of the respondents
From: Prevalence and determinants of diabetes among older adults in Ghana
Characteristics | Male | Female | Total | p-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | % | ||
Age | ||||
 50–59 years | 904 (41.0) | 707 (38.9) | 40.1 |  |
 60–69 years | 612 (26.5) | 528 (28.3) | 27.3 | 0.48 |
 70 years and above | 611 (32.5) | 727 (32.8) | 32.6 |  |
Residence | ||||
 Urban | 1342 (59.9) | 1093 (59.0) | 59.5 | 0.59 |
 Rural | 785 (40.1) | 869 (41.0) | 40.5 |  |
Marital Status | ||||
 Never Married | 24 (1.3) | 24 (1.3) | 1.3 |  |
 Currently Married/Cohabiting | 1785 (85.4) | 537 (30.9) | 59.3 | <0.01 |
 Separated/Divorced/Widowed | 318 (13.3) | 1401 (67.9) | 39.4 |  |
Level of Education | ||||
 No Schooling | 957 (43.5) | 1303 (65.6) | 54.1 |  |
 Primary or <6 year Schooling | 471 (22.5) | 379 (20.0) | 21.3 | <0.01 |
 Secondary/High School | 594 (28.9) | 241 (12.3) | 20.9 |  |
 College/University | 105 (5.1) | 39 (2.1) | 3.7 |  |
Wealth Quintile | ||||
 1 (Lowest) | 404 (16.4) | 411 (20.4) | 18.3 |  |
 2 | 382 (17.1) | 419 (21.2) | 19.1 |  |
 3 | 425 (20.2) | 400 (21.6) | 20.9 | <0.01 |
 4 | 443 (21.7) | 396 (19.9) | 20.8 |  |
 5 (Highest) | 471 (24.6) | 333 (16.9) | 20.9 |  |
Type of Employer | ||||
 Never Employed/Work | 34 (1.4) | 27 (2.0) | 1.6 |  |
 Public | 304 (15.0) | 95 (5.1) | 10.3 |  |
 Private | 120 (5.5) | 34 (1.8) | 3.8 | <0.01 |
 Self-employed | 1520 (70.9) | 1666 (83.6) | 77.0 |  |
 Informal | 149 (7.2) | 140 (7.4) | 7.3 |  |
Physical Activity | ||||
 Low | 396 (21.4) | 581 (29.2) | 25.1 |  |
 Moderate | 256 (12.1) | 234 (12.2) | 12.2 | <0.01 |
 High | 1453 (66.5) | 1127 (58.6) | 62.7 |  |
Alcohol Consumption | ||||
 Non Drinkers | 654 (33.1) | 1044 (53.4) | 42.8 |  |
 Daily Drinkers | 690 (31.4) | 201 (11.5) | 21.9 | <0.01 |
 Occasional Drinkers | 482 (22.6) | 421 (22.1) | 22.3 |  |
 Former Drinkers | 269 (12.9) | 260 (13.0) | 13.0 |  |
Smoking | ||||
 Non-Smokers | 1222 (59.9) | 1802 (91.6) | 75.1 |  |
 Current Daily Smokers | 327 (12.0) | 74 (3.9) | 8.1 | <0.01 |
 Former Smokers | 570 (28.1) | 85 (4.5) | 16.8 |  |
Fruits/Vegetables Intake | ||||
 Adequate | 405 (21.1) | 426 (22.2) | 21.6 | 0.45 |
 Inadequate | 1722 (78.9) | 1536 (77.8) | 78.4 |  |
Body Mass Index | ||||
 Underweight | 426 (20.0) | 359 (18.8) | 19.4 |  |
 Normal | 1180 (55.2) | 887 (46.6) | 51.1 | <0.01 |
 Overweight | 299 (15.2) | 338 (18.0) | 16.5 |  |
 Obese | 164 (9.6) | 310 (16.6) | 12.9 |  |