Associations between the neighbourhood food environment, neighbourhood socioeconomic status, and diet quality: An observational study

Table 2 Socio-demographic and environment characteristics (n = 446)

Characteristic	Total	Population estimates^b
Participants [n]	446
Sex [%]
Men	38.6	49.7
Women	61.4	50.3
Age [%]
21–39 years	20.4	38.9
40–59 years	44.8	38.9
≥ 60 years	34.8	22.1
Race [%]
Caucasian	93.5
All other races	6.5	22.4 (visible minority)
Marital status [%]
Married/living with partner	78.5	55.6
Others	21.5	44.4
Dependents at home (all ages) [%]
0 dependents	52.2
≥ 1 dependent	47.8	0.77/household (median)
Highest education completed [%]
High school or less	12.6	36.6
College/trade/diploma	17.5
University	70.0	63.4
Gross annual household income [%]
≤ $59 999	8.7
$60 000–$119 999	33.9	$85,478 (median)
$ ≥ 120 000	43.3
Refused/don’t know	14.1
Smoking status in past 12 months [%]
Daily or occasional	3.6
Non-smoker	96.4
Car available for personal use [%]
Always	91.3
Never or sometimes	8.7
Dog ownership in past 12 months [%]
Owner	35.2
Non-owner	64.8
Self-reported mental health [%]
Poor/fair/good	26.2
Very Good	44.2
Excellent	29.6
Self-reported physical health [%]
Poor/fair/good	38.6
Very Good	41.0
Excellent	20.4
Sitting hours/day [mean (SD)]	7.3 (4.0)
Hours in neighbourhood/typical week [mean (SD)]	109.0 (31.9)
Walkshed level socioeconomic deprivation index^a [mean (SD)]	−2.3 (2.9)
Walkshed area (km²) [mean (SD)]	0.19 (0.05)

^aWalkshed level socioeconomic deprivation (Socioeconomic Disadvantage) index includes: percent of 25 to 64 year olds with no diploma certificate or degree; percent of lone parent families among all census families; percent of private dwellings rented; percent of divorced or separated or widowed 15+ years; unemployment rate for those 25+ years; median gross income; and average value of the dwelling). Street network level socioeconomic deprivation calculated for each 400 m line-based around participants geo-coded address. Higher index scores represent higher socioeconomic disadvantage
^bCity of Calgary 2014 Community Profiles data. These estimates are based on data from the 2011 Canadian Census and the 2014 Calgary Civic Census for the 12 study neighbourhoods. All estaimtes were averaged across the 12 study neighbourhoods

ISSN: 1471-2458