Fig. 1
From: Halo and spillover effect illustrations for selected beneficial medical devices and drugs
Intrauterine Device (IUD) use, percent of total contraceptors (1965-2008). Closed circles represent the percentage of married contraceptors, 15 to 44Â years of age, using an IUD during 1965, 1973, and 1976, as well as for all women, regardless of marital status, during 1970, 1982, 1988, 1995, 2002, 2006, and 2008. Data were obtained from Department of Health and Human Services Vital and Health Statistics as reported by Mosher [13], Mosher et al. [14], and Kimble-Haas [15]. Open circles represent the percentage of women in the Maryland Family Planning Program using IUDs during 1973, 1977-1978, 1981, 1983, 1985, and 1988-2001 as reported by Cheng [16] and Hubacher [17]. The arrow indicates the date at which the Dalkon Shield was voluntarily withdrawn from the market