Table 1 Characterization of Bolsa Família Program beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries’ households, according to socioeconomic and demographic variables, region and area of residence. Brazil, 2008–09

Per capita monthly income ^a(R$)

140.1

1.0

116.3

1.0

<0.001

Years of education of head of household

4.7

0.1

3.5

0.1

<0.001

Number of persons per household

4.4

0.0

5.0

0.0

<0.001

Number of bathrooms per capita

0.3

0.0

0.2

0.0

<0.001

Number of rooms per capita

1.3

0.0

1.1

0.0

<0.001

Presence of running water (%)

80.0

0.7

70.8

0.8

<0.001

Spent on food away from home (%)

15.3

0.6

13.1

0.4

<0.001

 Males from 0 to 9 years

13.0

0.3

13.4

0.3

0.013

 Females from 0 to 9 years

11.8

0.3

12.9

0.3

<0.001

 Males from 10 to 15 years

6.8

0.3

10.2

0.3

<0.001

 Females from 10 to 15 years

6.2

0.2

9.3

0.2

<0.001

 Males from 16 to 20 years

4.7

0.2

4.8

0.2

0.368

 Females from 16 to 20 years

5.3

0.2

4.1

0.2

<0.001

 Males from 21 to 65 years

24.0

0.3

19.7

0.2

<0.001

 Female from 21 to 65 years

26.5

0.3

24.7

0.2

<0.001

 Males over 65 years

0.9

0.1

0.4

0.0

<0.001

 Females over 65 years

1.0

0.1

0.5

0.1

<0.001

 North

12.3

0.5

11.3

0.4

<0.001

 Northeast

43.6

0.9

65.7

0.9

 Southeast

26.6

1.1

15.0

0.9

 South

9.7

0.6

4.5

0.4

 Midwest

7.7

0.4

3.5

0.2

 Urban (capital)

16.4

0.9

9.6

0.6

<0.001

 Urban (other cities)

55.2

1.0

50.3

0.9

 Rural

28.4

0.8

40.1

0.9