From: Perceived discrimination and self-rated health in Canada: an exploratory study
Characteristic | Self-rated health status | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Excellent/good | Fair/poor | p value | |||
Number | (%) | Number | (%) | ||
Sex | |||||
Female | 8,524 | (87.1) | 1,269 | (13.0) | <0.0001 |
Male | 8,550 | (89.6) | 989 | (10.4) | |
Age group (in years) | |||||
15 to 34 | 5,951 | (93.5) | 413 | (6.5) | <0.0001 |
35 to 54 | 6,384 | (90.4) | 678 | (9.6) | |
55 and older | 4,739 | (80.3) | 1,166 | (19.8) | |
Marital status | |||||
Married or common-law | 11,000 | (89.2) | 1,308 | (10.8) | <0.0001 |
Widowed, separated, divorced, or single | 6,256 | (86.8) | 948 | (13.4) | |
Education | |||||
High school or less | 5,225 | (83.4) | 1,040 | (16.6) | <0.0001 |
More than high school | 12,000 | (90.8) | 1,198 | (9.2) | |
Annual household income | |||||
0 to $19,999 | 727 | (72.1) | 282 | (27.9) | <0.0001 |
$20,000 to $49,999 | 3,028 | (83.7) | 588 | (16.3) | |
$50,000 or more | 9,952 | (92.2) | 847 | (7.8) | |
Unknown or not stated | 3,368 | (86.2) | 541 | (13.8) | |
Visible minority | |||||
Yes | 2,303 | (89.6) | 267 | (10.4) | 0.14 |
No | 15,000 | (88.2) | 1,965 | (11.8) | |
Aboriginal | |||||
Yes | 480 | (84.0) | 91 | (16.0) | 0.003 |
No | 17,000 | (88.5) | 2,166 | (11.6) | |
Immigration Status | |||||
Recent immigrant | 977 | (93.3) | 70 | (6.7) | 0.0001 |
Non-recent immigrant | 2,556 | (86.7) | 392 | (13.3) | |
Canadian-born | 13,000 | (88.3) | 1,777 | (11.7) | |
Religious attendance | |||||
Once per week | 3,057 | (87.5) | 438 | (12.5) | 0.14 |
Less than once per week | 6,842 | (89.0) | 847 | (11.0) | |
Not at all | 7,014 | (88.2) | 936 | (11.8) | |
Region of residence | |||||
Rural | 3,112 | (86.1) | 503 | (13.9) | <0.0001 |
Urban | 14,000 | (88.8) | 1,755 | (11.2) | |
Daily activities limited by physical condition | |||||
Always or often | 493 | (43.1) | 651 | (56.9) | <0.0001 |
Sometimes | 782 | (66.6) | 393 | (33.4) | |
Never | 16,000 | (93.0) | 1,193 | (7.0) | |
Daily activities limited by a psychological, emotional, or mental health condition | |||||
Always or often | 105 | (47.8) | 115 | (52.3) | <0.0001 |
Sometimes | 272 | (64.4) | 151 | (35.6) | |
Never | 17,000 | (89.5) | 1,959 | (10.5) | |
Alcohol consumption | |||||
Regular use | 7,766 | (91.8) | 698 | (8.2) | <0.0001 |
Rarely or never used | 9239 | (85.7) | 1,541 | (14.3) | |
Illicit drug use | |||||
Regular use | 590 | (85.1) | 104 | (14.9) | 0.05 |
Rarely or never used | 16,000 | (88.5) | 2,136 | (11.5) | |
Stress level, most days | |||||
High stress | 3,774 | (83.3) | 756 | (16.7) | <0.0001 |
Low stress | 13,000 | (89.9) | 1,478 | (10.1) | |
Intimate partner violence, in past 5 years | |||||
Yes | 2159 | (84.4) | 399 | (15.6) | <0.0001 |
No | 15,000 | (89.7) | 1825 | (10.3) |